宇宙线研究在中国——纪念宇宙线发现100周年  

Cosmic Rays Study in China A centennial commemoration for the discovering of cosmic rays

作　　者：刘晓[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院自然科学史研究所

出　　处：《科学文化评论》2012年第6期74-89,共16页Science & Culture Review

摘　　要：今年是宇宙线发现100周年。本文回顾了宇宙线研究在中国的传入和发展历程,重点考察了我国早期留学物理学者的前沿工作、云南高山站的建立、宇宙线研究所的拟议和停办、高山乳胶室的发展,并简要论述了20世纪80年代以来的超高能现象研究和天体物理研究。宇宙线研究在中国的曲折历程是我国基础科学发展的缩影,科学知识扩展的需要是科学仪器和科学机构发展变化的内在动力。The cosmic rays were discovered a century ago. This article reviews the introduction and development of cosmic rays study in China. Some Chinese students began to study cosmic rays overseas since the 1930s. After returning, they established a mountain cloud chamber station in Yunnan. Based on that station, there was a plan to establish an Institute for the Study of Cosmic Rays. But the plan was eventually cancelled and the mountain emulsion chambers were established elsewhere. This article also mentions ultra-high energy phenomena study and astrophysics study since the 1980s. This history is actually a reflection of the general situation of fundamental science research in China. Except all kinds of social factors, the demand of expanding scientific knowledge is the essential cause of the scientific instrumental and institutional change.

关 键 词：宇宙线 云雾室 乳胶室 王淦昌 肖健 张文裕 何泽慧 

分 类 号：G301[文化科学]