基于任务需求的团队知识传播研究  

Research on Knowledge Transfer inside the Team Based on the Task Requirements

作　　者：吴江宁[1] 刘娜[1] 

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学管理科学与工程学院,辽宁大连116024

出　　处：《运筹与管理》2013年第1期208-215,共8页Operations Research and Management Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(71031002)

摘　　要：本文从组织内攻关任务的多种知识需求出发,考虑跨部门团队成员在完成任务过程中的知识交流与共享行为,构建了基于任务需求———团队知识相匹配的知识传播模型。模型中定义了任务知识需求矩阵、团队成员知识传播规则、知识协同生成规则以及任务需求与团队知识匹配规则,并通过计算机仿真的方法考察了不同知识交流策略对团队内部知识传播与任务完成效果的影响。仿真结果表明,基于关系的知识交流策略有利于知识在团队内部的快速传播,但不利于知识的广泛传播,在后期容易产生传播停滞现象,而基于知识的交流策略则具有明显的后发优势。混合策略不仅能够确保知识的快速传播,而且当混合策略中基于关系的知识交流概率较小时,知识传播效果甚至优于"基于知识"的交流策略。相应的管理策略是任务初期宜采用基于关系的知识交流策略,而在后期,采取基于知识的交流策略有助于团队顺利、有效地完成任务,与单一的采用基于关系或基于知识的交流策略相比,采用混合交流策略来完成团队任务具有明显的优势。This paper starts with the various knowledge requirements of a R＆D task, and focuses on the knowledge transferring and sharing behavior between the cross-functional team members within the organization during the process of carrying out the team task. Hereby, a knowledge transfer model is proposed based on the match of the task requirements represented by knowledge matrix and team knowledge to study the influence of different strategies for knowledge exchange on the performance of knowledge transfer and task completion by using the given rules, which respectively are the knowledge exchange rule, the collaborative knowledge creation rule and the match rule. Simulation results show that the knowledge exchange strategy based on relations is prone to be stagnating in the later period, which is in favor of rapid transfer but not beneficial for wide transfer of knowledge. However, the knowledge-based strategy has obvious advantage in the later period of the task. The mixed exchange strategy is better than any other knowledge exchange strategies on the effect of knowledge transfer when the probability of knowledge transfer based on relations in the mixed exchange strategy is low. It suggests that re- lation-based knowledge exchange strategy could be applied at the very beginning of the task, but in the long run, the knowledge-based strategy could help the team complete the task successfully and efficiently. In a word, the mixed exchange strategy has obvious advantage for task accomplishment compared with the knowledge-based or relation-based knowledge exchange strategy.

关 键 词：知识管理 知识传播模型 计算机仿真 团队知识传播 任务需求 交流策略 

分 类 号：G206[文化科学—传播学]