不规则抗体筛查及鉴定在临床中的应用  

The Clinical Application of Irregular Antibodies Screening and Identification

作　　者：叶长钦[1] 张弘[1] 陈楚填[1] 李文忠[1] 尹艳丹[1] 方焕仪[1] 张少丰[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东医学院附属厚街医院输血科,广东东莞523945

出　　处：《中外医疗》2013年第5期17-18,共2页China & Foreign Medical Treatment

摘　　要：目的了解该院门诊及住院患者的不规则抗体的发生率及不同分布,探讨其在输血治疗及临床诊断中的价值。方法选取2011年1—9月该院所有做血型检查的患者标本进行抗体筛查,对不规则抗体筛查阳性的标本进行不规则抗体鉴定,统计不规则抗体的发生率。结果在13566例患者标本中不规则抗体阳性者为22例,抗-cE7例、抗-E及抗-Ce各4例、自身抗体3例、抗-Lea2例、抗-M及抗-Mur各1例,发生率为0.16%;其中妇产科患者发生率最高,占阳性患者中的54.5%,其次为血液内科及肿瘤科。结论不规则抗体筛查对临床输血及新生儿溶血疾病诊断意义重大,对孕妇建议在产检时普及抗体筛查,及时对抗体筛查阳性者作出适当处理,减少新生儿溶血病及溶血性输血反应的发生。Objective To explore the expression of irregular antibodies in the outpatients and inpatients from our hospital and the value in clinical diagnosis and transfusion therapy. Methods The expression of irregular antibodies was measured in all cases of blood group detection from 201 lyear 1-9 month and was identificated in positive cases. Results The positive rate of irregular antibodies was 0.16%（22/13566）; The positive rate was highest in cases from the department of obstetrics and gynecology （54.5%）, next came the department of hemopathology and ontology. Conclusion Irregular antibodies screening is very signality to clinical blood transfusion and the diagnosis of neonatal hemolytic diseases. The popularization of irregular antibodies screening was suggest for pregnant women. Suitable treatments on the positive cases can reduce the incidence of neonatal hemolytic diseases and hemolytic transfusion reactions.

关 键 词：抗体筛查和鉴定 妊娠史 新生儿免疫性溶血疾病 

分 类 号：R457.1[医药卫生—治疗学]