浅埋深长壁工作面覆岩破断特征相似模拟  

Physical analogous simulation on the characteristcs of overburden breakage at shallow longwall coalface

作　　者：任艳芳[1,2] 宁宇[1,3] 齐庆新[4] 

机构地区：[1]煤炭科学研究总院开采设计研究分院,北京100013 [2]天地科技股份有限公司开采设计事业部,北京100013 [3]中国煤炭科工集团有限公司,北京100013 [4]煤炭科学研究总院矿山安全技术研究分院,北京100013

出　　处：《煤炭学报》2013年第1期61-66,共6页Journal of China Coal Society

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)资助项目(2010CB226806);国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2008BAB36B01;2008BAB36B12)

摘　　要：利用相似模拟实验方法,研究了浅埋深长壁工作面覆岩破断特征,掌握了浅埋煤层长壁开采覆岩破断过程中的关键特征点。并结合现场矿压实测,掌握了工作面来压与上覆岩层裂隙发展之间的规律。研究分析表明:浅埋深长壁工作面覆岩破断的关键特征点分别是直接顶破断、基本顶初次破断、基本顶周期性破断、裂隙带初次导通地表、裂隙带周期性导通地表。裂隙带导通地表(即基岩层周期性全部破断)与基本顶破断的周期性发生是浅埋深长壁开采条件下工作面顶板来压存在大小周期的主要原因。浅埋深长壁工作面开采过程中,基本顶的断裂极易引发裂隙带导通地表。因此,在工作面来压期间,要适当加快工作面推进速度,避免发生压架事故。This paper studies the characteristics of the breaking process of overburden rocks in shallow coal workface through physical analogous simulation, and obtains the key characteristics of overburden breaking process. Based on the field observation, the study finds the law between roof weighting and overburden fracture development. The results show that the breaking process follows the key points as the breakage of immediate roof, the initial breakage of main roof,the periodic breakage of main roof,the fracture belt＇ s initial connectivity with the surface, and the fracture belt＇ s periodic connectivity with the surface. The internal mechanism of roof pressure existing for long and short periods un- der shallow buried longwall working face is the fracture belt＇ s connectivity with the surface, and the breakage of the main roof occurs periodically. During the mining process of shallow buried longwall working face, the breakage of main roof easily results in the fracture belt＇ s connectivity with the surface. Therefore, in order to avoid the crushing accident of fully mechanized supports, the working face advancing speed should be accelerated during the period of the pressure change at working face.

关 键 词：浅埋煤层 覆岩破断 相似模拟 推进速度 顶板控制 

分 类 号：TD325[矿业工程—矿井建设]