考虑预警时间的智能化洪灾疏散路径选择与可视化研究  

Study on intelligent selection and visualization of flood evacuation route considering warning time

作　　者：张社荣[1] 撒文奇[1] 庞博慧[1] 王超[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津大学水利工程仿真与安全国家重点实验室,天津300072

出　　处：《水力发电学报》2013年第1期63-69,106,共8页Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金创新研究群体科学基金(51021004)

摘　　要：洪灾造成的生命损失与预警时间有重要关系。根据疏散路径是否在洪水淹没范围内将疏散时间分为在淹没范围内(tin)和不在淹没范围内(tout)两部分,通过构建智能化洪灾疏散路径选择模型,考虑tin与预警时间WT的关系,采用改进的Dijkstra算法,对突发洪水下疏散路径的选择进行了研究。研究表明,当预警时间足够长时,其对疏散路径的选择无影响,当预警时间小于某个特定数值时,需根据预警时间WT重新搜索疏散路径或临时避难点,保证了灾民生命安全,搜索的疏散路径科学;最后,通过开发可视化平台提高了疏散路径选择效率。Life loss caused by flood disaster much depends on warning time. According to whether or not the evacuation route is in the flooded area, the evacuation time was divided into two parts： the time in （tin） and the time out （tout） in this study. Then, an intelligent model for flood evacuation route selection was developed, using modified Dijkstra algorithm and considering the relationship between tin and warning time. To improve the efficiency of route selection, a visualization platform was developed. Studies of the route selection after sudden flood events show that warning time has no effect on route selection if it is long enough, while a new evacuation route or temporary shelters should be searched again according to warning time if it is shorter than a certain value. This model provides a quantitative tool for evacuation decision and life safety against flood disaster.

关 键 词：洪灾 疏散路径 预警时间 Dijkstra法 可视化 ARCENGINE 

分 类 号：X915.5[环境科学与工程—安全科学]