掺气条件下水流空化特性的研究  

Study of cavitation characteristics in aeration condition

作　　者：郭志萍[1,2] 董志勇[2] 

机构地区：[1]山西水利职业技术学院,山西运城044004 [2]浙江工业大学水利与市政工程研究所,杭州310014

出　　处：《水力发电学报》2013年第1期113-117,131,共6页Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50879078)

摘　　要：通过对水流的空泡动力学研究,建立了掺气条件下空泡溃灭时所诱导的泡周围水体压力脉冲方程,考虑了不同流速不同掺气浓度对空泡溃灭的影响,揭示了空泡在水体中的溃灭特性,数值模拟了空化数对空泡溃灭的影响规律。结果表明:空化数随着掺气浓度的增加而增加,减弱了空泡溃灭时的空蚀破坏能力,低流速下空化数随掺气浓度增加较大,高流速下空化数增加较小;流速越高,掺气浓度越低,空化数越小,计算结果与试验结果吻合较好。In this paper, an impulse pressure equation was developed for bubble collapsing in areated flows on the basis of bubbly dynamics, and the behaviors of bubble collapse were studied and simulated by varying the parameters of flow velocity, air concentration and cavitation number, with the effects of these parameters examined. It is shown that the calculated cavitation curves at different flow velocities and different air concentrations agree well with the experimental results. And for a fixed flow velocity, cavitation number increases with air concentration, weakening the flow＇ s capability of cavitating erosion. Such an increase is greater at lower flow velocity than that at higher flow velocity. Higher flow velocity generally leads to lower air concentration and smaller cavitation number.

关 键 词：水力学 空泡溃灭 空化特性 掺气浓度 空化数 

分 类 号：TV131.3[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]