不同土壤肥力水平下玉米氮素吸收和利用的研究  

Nitrogen uptake and use of summer maize under different soil fertility levels

作　　者：潘晓丽[1] 林治安[2] 袁亮[2] 温延臣[2] 赵秉强[1] 

机构地区：[1]农业部植物营养与肥料重点实验室,中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所,北京100081 [2]中国农业科学院德州盐碱土改良实验站,山东德州253015

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2013年第1期8-13,共6页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：欧盟项目NUE-CROPS(222645);“十二五”国家科技支撑计划课题(2011BAD11B05)资助

摘　　要：盆栽试验条件下利用15N同位素示踪技术研究了不同土壤肥力水平下夏玉米氮肥吸收利用的差异。结果表明:中(M)、低(L)肥力土壤的施肥比对应不施肥空白对照的增产效果要好于高肥力土壤(H)。等NPK用量情况下,高肥力土壤(H-NPK)玉米籽粒产量分别比低肥力(L-NPK)和中肥力(M-NPK)土壤高出23.07%和12.40%。M-NPK处理的玉米籽粒吸收的氮素占总吸氮量的比例最高,达到82.3%。在本试验条件下,玉米吸收的肥料氮与土壤氮比例接近1∶1;L-NPK和M-NPK处理的肥料氮贡献率显著高于H-NPK处理。L-NPK处理玉米的氮肥表观利用率较M-NPK和H-NPK处理分别高出约2个百分点,而同位素15N研究表明,高(H-NPK)、低(L-NPK)肥力土壤之间的氮肥利用率差异不显著,但均较中(M-NPK)肥力土壤高出6.78%和7.65%。L-NPK处理的氮素激发率最高,其次为M-NPK处理,但二者间无显著性差异,且均较H-NPK处理显著高出37.30%和26.98%。Effects of nitrogen uptake and use for summer maize under different soil fertility levels was studied in a pot experiment using 15N labeling techniques. The results showed that the grain yield under high soil fertility level （H-NPK） was higher than it was under low soil fertility level （L-NPK） and medium soil fertility level （M-NPK）, 23.07% and 12. 40% , respectively. The percentage of grain nitrogen absorption in total nitrogen absorption under H-NPK treatment was highest, 82. 3%. The ratio of nitrogen which was absorbed from the indigenous soil supply and from applied fertilizer was close to I： 1. The applied fertilizer nitrogen ratios of each maize organ under L-NPK and M-NPK was significantly higher than it＇s under H-NPK. Nitrogen apparent recovery efficiency under L-NPK was higher than it＇s under M-NPK and H-NPK, a- bout 2 percent, while 15N use efficiency under H-NPK and L-NPK were significantly higher than M-NPK, 6.78% and 7. 65% , respectively. Priming rate under L-NPK was higher than it＇s under M-NPK, but unsignificantly, both of them were significantly higher than it＇s under H-NPK, 37.30% and 26. 98%, respectively.

关 键 词：土壤肥力 15N示踪 氮素利用率 氮素分配 氮肥贡献率 激发效应 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]