火焰和石墨炉原子吸收分光光度法检测镉的精度分析  

Analysis on the Accuracy of Cadmium Determination by FAAS and GFAAS

作　　者：魏本杰[1] 曾晓希[1] 蒋辉云[2] 朱生翠[1] 汤建新[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南工业大学绿色包装与生物纳米技术应用省重点实验室,湖南株洲412007 [2]株洲市环境监测中心站,湖南株洲412007

出　　处：《湖南工业大学学报》2013年第1期16-19,共4页Journal of Hunan University of Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31100082);株洲市科技专项基金资助重大项目(11ZZKJ-03);湖南工业大学自然科学基金资助项目(2011HZX02);湖南工业大学研究生创新基金资助项目(CX1205);湖南省科技厅科技计划基金资助项目(2012SK4028)

摘　　要：采用盐酸-硝酸-氢氟酸-高氯酸全消解法，彻底破坏土壤矿物晶格，使样品中的待测元素镉全部进入试液，然后通过样品检测试验、加标回收试验、质控试验，分析火焰原子吸收分光光度法和石墨炉原子吸收分光光度法检测土壤中重金属镉的精确度。研究结果表明：前者检测样品结果相对标准偏差（RSD）在3％以内，回收率在89％～95％之间，土壤标样GSS-5的室内相对标准偏差为4．8％，相对误差在±5％以内；后者样品检测结果的相对标；住偏差较高，在5％～10％之间，回收率在80％～90％之间，土壤标样GSS-5的室内相对标准偏差为8．5％，相对误差为-6．21％．由分析结果可知，火焰原子吸收法较石墨炉原子吸收法能更精确和稳定地检测土壤中重金属镉，但是检出限较高。In order to make all the measured cadmium of soil sample into test solution, a method by adding hydrochlo- ric acid, nitric acid, hydrogen fluoride and perchloric acid is used to completely digest soil mineral lattice. And the accuracy of determining the heavy metal cadmium in soils by flame atomic absorption spectrometry （FAAS） and Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry （GFAAS） are analyzed through the experiments of sample detection, recovery of standard addition and quality control. The results show that： the former＇s relative standard deviation（RSD） is within 3%, the rate of recovery is between 89% - 95%, the indoor relative standard deviation of soil sample GSS-5 is 4.8% whose relative error is within ＋ 5%. The latter ~ RSD is relatively higher which is between 5% -10%, the rate of recovery is between 80% - 90%; the indoor standard deviation of soil sample GSS-5 reaches to 8.5% whose relative error is -6.21%. Compared with GFAAS, FAAS is more precise and stable, but its detection limit is higher.

关 键 词：土壤 重金属镉 石墨炉原子吸收分光光度法 火焰原子吸收分光光度法 

分 类 号：X502[环境科学与工程—环境工程]