不同复种方式对早稻产量和氮素吸收利用的影响  

Effects of Different Cropping Patterns on Early Rice Yield and Nitrogen Absorption and Utilization

作　　者：周春火[1,2] 潘晓华 吴建富[1,2] 石庆华 

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学国土资源与环境学院,江西南昌330045 [2]江西省作物生理生态与遗传育种重点实验室,江西南昌330045

出　　处：《江西农业大学学报》2013年第1期13-17,32,共6页Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD16B04);江西省教育厅项目(GJJ09172)

摘　　要：以超级稻品种淦鑫203为材料,于2009—2011年采用裂区设计,主区为不同复种方式,即肥(紫云英)-稻-稻(ZDD)、油(油菜)-稻-稻(YDD)和闲(冬闲)-稻-稻(XDD)3个处理,副区为施用化学氮肥和不施氮处理的田间定位试验,研究了稻田不同复种方式对超级早稻产量和氮素吸收利用的影响。结果表明,两年施氮区产量均以ZDD最高,2010年比XDD高237.2 kg/hm2,2011年比YDD高331.5 kg/hm2,且差异达显著水平;无氮区2年均呈ZDD>YDD>XDD,处理间差异显著。氮素积累总量ZDD显著高于其他处理,施肥区增幅为13.5%～21.7%,无肥区增幅为57.9%～94.6%。相关分析表明氮素积累总量与水稻产量呈极显著正相关,水稻产量与氮素干物质生产效率和氮素稻谷生产效率达极显著负相关。Using the super rice variety （GanXin 203 ） as the material, the effects of different cropping patterns, namely, the pattern of milk vetch ＋ early rice ＋ late rice （ZDD） , rape ＋ early rice ＋ late rice, and fallow ＋ early rice ＋ late rice （XDD）, on early rice yield and nitrogen absorption and utilization were studied through fixed -position field experiments from 2009 to 2011. The results showed that ZDD treatment resulted in the highest yield of the nitrogen fertilization plots in the two years, which was 237.2 kg/hm2 higher than that of XDD in 2010, and 331.5 kg/hm2 higher than that of YDD in 2011. In the no nitrogen fertilization plots, different treatments led to significantly different yields, ranking as follows ： ZDD 〉 YDD 〉 XDD. The to- tal nitrogen accumulation of ZDD treatment increased by about 13.5% -21.7% and 57.9% -94.6% in the fertilization and the no fertilization plots respectively, significantly higher than those of other treatments. Sig- nificantly positive Correlation existed between rice yield and total nitrogen accumulation. On the contrary, the efficiency of nitrogen dry matter production and grain productive rate of nitrogen was significantly negatively related with rice yield.

关 键 词：早稻 复种方式 产量 氮素吸收与利用 

分 类 号：S511.31[农业科学—作物学]