水体中环境内分泌干扰物(EDCs)污染现状及其对鱼类的生殖危害  

Pollution of environmental endocrine disrupting chemicals(EDCs) in water and its adverse reproductive effect on fish

作　　者：孟顺龙[1,2] 宋超[1] 范立民[1] 裘丽萍[1] 陈家长[1,2] 徐跑[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心、农业部长江下游渔业资源环境科学观测实验站、中国水产科学研究院内陆渔业生态环境和资源重点开放实验室,江苏无锡214081 [2]南京农业大学无锡渔业学院,江苏无锡214081

出　　处：《江苏农业学报》2013年第1期202-208,共7页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项基金项目(CARS-49)

摘　　要：越来越多的环境内分泌干扰物(EDCs)不断释放到环境,并通过大气沉降、地表径流、土壤淋溶和直接排放等方式进入水体,从而使水体成为EDCs存在的主要场所之一。为引起社会对水体EDCs污染的广泛关注,并积极采取EDCs危害防治措施,保护鱼类资源和水生态系统,本文介绍了EDCs的分类,详述了自然水体、饮用水源水以及自来水中EDCs污染情况,阐明了EDCs对鱼类的生殖危害。资料分析显示,EDCs能够扰乱生物体内分泌功能,导致生殖器官、生殖机能和生殖行为异常,引起生育力下降,甚至生物繁殖机能损害,并最终导致种群数量下降,以至物种灭绝。虽然国内外已经开展了一些关于EDCs对生物危害等方面的研究,但大都处于起步阶段,存在着基础研究薄弱、识别和鉴定困难或代价太大等问题,有关工作亟需全面、深入开展。Environmental endocrine disrupting chemicals （ EDCs）, commonly found in the environment, come from industry and agriculture, including pesticides, fungicides, insecticides, herbicides, and other chemicals. Nowadays, more and more EDCs were released into the environment. EDCs go into water body via atmosphere sedimentation, surface runoff, soil eluviation, etc, so water body becomes the main place existing. In order to attract a great deal of scientific and public attention worldwide, and to prevent EDCs pollution, the classification of EDCs and their concentrations in natural water bodies, drinking water source and tap water, and the reproductive toxicity of EDCs to fish were reviewed. EDCs could disturb the endocrine system and make reproductive organs and reproduction be abnormal, resuhing in the fertility descending.reproduction function damage, community quantity decrease and even species extinction finally. EDCs could disrupt the homeostasis maintained by hormones and resulted in defects of neural development and abnormalities of the endocrine and reproductive systems. The exact molecular mechanism＇s have not been completely reported, but the researches have suggested that multiple mechanisms were involved in the action of EDCs. Although researches have been carried out on the biohazard of EDCs, the difficulties and the costs in recognizing and identifying EDCs still limit the knowlege on them.

关 键 词：环境内分泌干扰物 水体 污染现状 鱼类 生殖危害 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]