“8.8”舟曲特大山洪泥石流灾害天气特征分析  

Analyses on Disaster Weather Characteristics of Masssive Mudslide in Zhouqu,Gansu on 8 August 2010

作　　者：张之贤[1,2,3] 张强[1,2] 赵庆云[4] 孙芸[5] 陶际春 

机构地区：[1]中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所/甘肃省干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室/中国气象局干旱气候变化与减灾重点开放实验室 [2]兰州大学大气科学学院 [3]93808部队 [4]兰州中心气象台 [5]兰州资源环境职业技术学院

出　　处：《高原气象》2013年第1期290-297,共8页Plateau Meteorology

基　　金：国家公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201306006);国家自然科学基金重点项目"黄土高原陆面过程观测与试验研究"(40830957);中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所"2012科研业务费项目"共同资助

摘　　要：利用常规气象资料以及卫星、雷达资料,分析了"8.8"舟曲特大山洪泥石流灾害。结果表明,这次强降水是在高空冷平流入侵,与700hPa切变线配合,由地面冷空气扩散触发对流不稳定能量释放,造成的强对流天气。由于地形等原因形成的一系列γ中尺度气旋造成降水的分配极不均匀;强降水与亮温有很好的对应关系,但亮温并非唯一影响因素。多普勒雷达的径向速度对γ中尺度气旋具有很好的指示意义,表现在旋转速度可以指示涡旋强度;降水与γ中尺度气旋有很好的正相关关系。Because of the mountainous area terrain and unreasonable exploring activities of the human being, debris flows occurred more frequently, which seriously obstructs the economic development. Therefore, in order to improve the ability to disaster prevention and reduction and enhance the monitoring and warning on the debris flow, using the conventional meteorological data, satellite and radar data, the massive mudslide in Zhouqu, Gansu on 8 August 2010 studied. The results show that on the background of pre-drought and low soil moisture, the heavy precipitation caused the heaviest massive mudslide. The reasons why the heavy precipitation occurred were that invasion of on the cold advection combined with the shear line on 700 hPa and that weak cold air diffused triggered off releasing unsteady energy. Extremely non-uniform precipitation was caused by a series of γ meso-scale cyclone which were formed by terrain and so on. The corresponding relationship between heavy precipitation and brightness temperature was very good, but the brightness temperature was not the unique factors led to heavy precipitation. For γ mesoscale vortex, radial velocity was a good indicator since rotary speed can indicate the cyclone intensity. There was a good positive correlation between precipitation and y mesoscale cyclone. According to the topographic feature on edge of the Tibetan Plateau provides reasonable prevention measures, so as to decrease happening the debris flow disaster.

关 键 词：泥石流 γ中尺度 强对流天气 天气学 

分 类 号：P458.121.1[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]