论我国拾得遗失物制度的不足与完善  

On the Deficiencies and Improvement of Finding Lost Property System of China

作　　者：蒋大鹏[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江师范大学法政学院,浙江金华321004

出　　处：《天水师范学院学报》2013年第1期38-43,共6页Journal of Tianshui Normal University

摘　　要：拾得遗失物,是民法物权中一项重要的内容,立法上存在肯定主义和否定主义两种立法例。在大多数国家的理论和立法实践上,拾得遗失物是所有权的特殊取得方式之一,拾得人可以在特定情形下取得遗失物的所有权或者报酬请求权。我国当前民事立法提倡拾金不昧的美德,否定了拾得人在无人认领遗失物的情形下取得遗失物所有权和在所有权人认领遗失物后请求所有权人支付一定报酬的权利,这与我国当前的现实情况存在差距,同时也背离了世界各国在拾得遗失物相关立法上的一般趋势,产生了一系列的问题。因此,要在未来立法中明确规定拾得人的报酬请求权和在特殊情形下取得遗失物所有权的权利,以使法律能够更好地起到指导实践的作用。Finding lost property is an important issue in Civil Law. In legislative practice there are two different views, and one approves it while the other denies. Both in legislative theory and practice in most countries of the world, finding lost property is regarded as one of the special ways to gain the ownership. Under the special conditions, finders can either gain the ownership of the lost property or claim the rights to a reward. In China, in order to advocate the virtues of returning lost property, the current civil legislation denies finders＇ rights of gaining the ownership of the lost property or the rights of claiming a reward from the owner. Thus, there＇ s a great gap between the legislation and the social reality and such practice differs from the general trends of the most countries＇ legislation on finding lost property and some problems arise accordingly. So in the future, it should be laid down in ＇Civil Law that entitled to claim a reward or gain the ownership of the lost property under some special circumstances to that the legislation can better guide the enforcement. finders are make sure

关 键 词：拾得遗失物 遗失物所有权 报酬请求权 

分 类 号：D923.2[政治法律—民商法学]