基于GIS模拟云南潜在蒸散量的地理空间分布  

Simulating Spatial Distribution of Potential Evapotranspiration in Yunnan Based on GIS

作　　者：黄中艳 谢国清 

机构地区：[1]云南省气象学会,云南昆明650034

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2013年第1期264-270,共7页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：公益类行业专项"多时间尺度干旱监测与预警;评估技术研究"(HYHY201006023)

摘　　要：基于云南省123个站点多气候要素数据,应用多元回归和逐步回归方法,建立了云南区域多年平均年、月潜在蒸散量地理空间分布的科学表达式;结合应用GIS和空间插值方法,精细化模拟了云南潜在蒸散量气候值的地理空间分布。模拟结果与实测蒸发量气候值的时空间分布趋势一致;干季月值模拟略偏小,夏季主汛期月值模拟相对偏大,年值和月值的模拟推算结果都有客观性和实用价值。研究认为,平均气温T与日照时数S的乘积ST,比T或S对潜在蒸散量大小和变化有更好的指示作用;云南区域ST、T的气候年值与基本地理参数关系密切,这是本文模拟推算潜在蒸散量气候值空间分布的重要依据。Based on the data of meteorological elements from 123 observation stations in Yunnan, multiple regression and stepwise regression are used to analyze the relationships between potential evapotranspiration as well as other relevant climatic elements and basic geographical parameters. Here, the folieitous expression methods on the geographical spatial distribution of potential evapotranspiration in Yunnan are found. Then on basis of GIS technology and spatial interpolation methods, the fine simulation of the spatial distribution for monthly and an- nual potential evapotranspiration in Yunnan are implemented, among which the raster data sets of their monthly and annual values were ob- tained while their spatial distribution maps were drawn up. According to the examination by the observed data, the simulation results of po- tential evapotranspiration were in conformity with measured values of evaporation capacity in the trend of spatial and temporal distribution ; calculated monthly values of potential evapotranspiration during dry season were slightly smaller while being a hit on the higher side during main flood season in summer. As a whole, the calculation errors of annual and monthly values were markedly smaller than the interannual variability values of measured evaporation capacity of E601. The results showed that the parameter ST, the product of average air temperature （T） and sunshine duration （S）, had a better ability to indicate the magnitude and change of evaporation capacity than T and S. In addi- tion, ST was well related to basic geographical parameters in Yunnan. These were regarded as the important basis of simulating the spatial distribution for potential evapotranspiration in the paper.

关 键 词：潜在蒸散量 地理空间分布 模拟推算 GIS技术 云南 

分 类 号：P426.22[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] S161.41[农业科学—农业气象学]