氮素指数施肥对3个楸树无性系光合特性的影响  

Effects of Nitrogen Exponential Fertilization on Photosynthetic Characteristics of Three Catalpa bungei Clones

作　　者：王力朋[1] 晏紫伊[1] 李吉跃[1] 王军辉[2] 何茜[1] 苏艳[1] 董菊兰 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学林学院,广东广州510642 [2]中国林业科学研究院林业研究所,国家林业局林木培育重点实验室,北京100091 [3]甘肃省小陇山林业科学研究所,甘肃天水741022

出　　处：《林业科学研究》2013年第1期46-51,共6页Forest Research

基　　金：国家“十二五”科技支撑项目“楸树和赤皮青冈珍贵用材林定向培育技术研究与示范”(2012BAD21B03)

摘　　要：为探究楸树不同无性系的光合特性和确定最适施氮量,以3个楸树无性系(1-4、7080、015-1)为材料,研究了4种氮素指数施肥处理楸树无性系光合特性的变化。结果表明:⑴在6、7、8月份,3个楸树无性系施氮处理的净光合速率、蒸腾速率和气孔导度均高于对照;无性系1-4、7080、015-1的净光合速率比对照分别上升36.63%89.66%、9.35%70.87%、14.92%66.12%;在7、8月份,无性系1-4、7080、015-1施氮处理的水分利用效率比对照分别增加30.14%57.38%、19.05%53.85%、12.69%47.54%。(2)3个无性系的光合参数在6、7月随着施氮量的增加而增大;而在8月则随着施氮量的增加而呈现"升降"的趋势。(3)施氮量(尿素)为10 g.株-1的效果最好,无性系1-4、7080、015-1在8月的净光合速率和水分利用效率分别为13.76、17.36、12.82μmol.m-2.s-1,3.84、4.60、3.60μmol.mmol-1。无性系7080的光合能力和水分利用效率高于无性系1-4和015-1。In order to understand the photosynthetic physiological characteristics of different Catalpa bungei clones and to determine the optimum nitrogen rate, three Catalpa bungei clones （ 1- 4, 7080, and 015- 1 ） were used to study the dynamic changes of photosynthetic characteristics under four levels of exponential fertilization. The results showed that ： （ 1 ） The net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate and the stomatal conductance of the three C. bungei clones by nitrogen treatment were higher than that of the CK in three months. The net photosynthetic rate of clones 1-4, 7080, and 015-1 were 36. 63% -89. 66%, 9. 35% -70.87%, and 14. 92% -66. 12% higher than that of the CK. The water use efficiencies of clones 1-4, 7080, and 015-1 in July and August were 30. 14% -57.38% , 19. 05 % -53.85 %, and 12. 69 % -47.54% higher compared with that of the CK. （2）The photosynthetic parame- ters of clones 1-4, 7080, and 1315-1 in June and July increased with the increasing of nitrogen application rate, and showed the trend of ＂up-down＂ in August. （3） Various exponential fertilization could promote the photosynthetic ca- pacity of C. bungei clones, and the effects of 10 g urea ~ plant-1 were the best. In August, the net photosynthetic rates and water use efficiencies of clones 1-4, 7080, and 015-1 were 13.76, 17.36, and 12.82 μmol·m^-2·s^-1,3.84、4.60、3.60μmol·mmol^-1. The photosynthetic capacity and water use efficiency of clone 7080 were better than that of clone 1-4 and 015- 1.

关 键 词：楸树 氮素 指数施肥 光合特性 

分 类 号：S723.7[农业科学—林木遗传育种]