电梯井加压送风全尺寸火灾试验研究  

A Full-scale Fire Experiment-based Study of Pressurized Air-blowing into Elevator Shaft

作　　者：甘廷霞[1] 兰彬[2] 

机构地区：[1]公安部四川消防研究所建筑防火研究室 [2]公安部四川消防研究所

出　　处：《中国安全科学学报》2013年第1期35-40,共6页China Safety Science Journal

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划(2011BAK03B01);公安部消防局科研计划项目(2009XFCX007)

摘　　要：为了研究电梯井烟囱效应、电梯运行活塞效应对电梯井加压送风的影响,获得电梯井有效防烟的临界参数,在10层高的建筑内,利用一部运行速度为1.5 m/s的电梯,开展全尺寸火灾试验。试验包括正、逆烟囱效应的工况,火灾发生在房间和通道的工况,在此基础上得到单梯井低速电梯在火灾中运行的气流特性和压差变化,电梯井有效防烟的技术参数。研究结果表明,合理的电梯井加压送风能够有效控制火灾烟气,使火灾时使用电梯疏散具有可行性。Full-scale fire experiments in a lO-storeyed building were carried out to check out how pressurized air-blowing into elevator shaft is affected by the shaft＇ s stack effect and the elevator＇ s piston effect in the shaft of a high-rise building. Critical parameters were obtained for effective preventing smoke from entering into the shaft. The experiments including the conditions of stack effect and inverse stack effect and also the conditions of a fire breaking out in a room or a passage resulted in data on flow charac- teristics and pressure differential between the inside and the outside of the shaft when a low-speed of 1.5 m/s elevator is running in a single-elevator shaft during a fire. From such data, technical parameters were derived for effective preventing the smoke from entering the shaft. Research shows that the pressur- ized air-blowing is an effective method for preventing smoke from entering the elevator shaft, so that people can use elevator to evacuation.

关 键 词：电梯井 加压送风 火灾试验 全尺寸 烟囱效应 活塞效应 

分 类 号：X913.4[环境科学与工程—安全科学]