民国学者应用、整理和研究《清实录》初探  

On the Scholars’ Application,Filing and Research of Factual Record of Qing Dynastyin the Republic of China(1912-1949)

作　　者：谢贵安[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学历史学院,武汉430072 [2]武汉大学中国传统文化研究中心,武汉430072

出　　处：《四川师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2013年第1期136-146,共11页Journal of Sichuan Normal University(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金后期资助项目"清实录研究"(批准号:10FZS008);教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地资助之重大项目"实录修撰与中国传统史学流变"(批准号:06JJD770020)成果之一

摘　　要：民国时期,抱持不同立场的清史馆、文献馆、史语所和北大的学者们,怀着不同的目的,对清朝的历史及其文献《清实录》等予以密切关注、应用、整理和研究。作为清遗民的清史馆馆员及伪满学者罗振玉等,采用《清实录》史料编纂《清史稿》,或直接整理该实录早期版本,以达到为旧朝存史的目的。与清遗民相反的是北京大学教授孟森这样的共和派史家,对清廷篡改和修饰《清实录》的行为表达了强烈不满和激烈批评,同时又广泛应用其中可信的史料从事清史研究工作。持中立立场的是信奉科学观念和近代学术方法的史语所徐中舒和故宫博物院的年轻学者方甦生、单士元等,他们对《清实录》的改修和价值,通过实证给予客观的评价。尽管立场和方法各异,但民国学者们一般都比较认真和敬业,使《清实录》的研究一开始就步上较高的台阶,为以后的整理和研究起到了重要的奠基作用。In the Republic of China （1912--1949）, scholars from the institute of the Qing Dy- nasty history, literature museum, institute of history and philology and Peking University, with their respective purposes, paid close attention to the history of the Qing Dynasty and Factual Re- cord of Qing Dynasty. Officials from the institute of the Qing Dynasty history and Luo Zhenyu, in order to preserve the historiography of the past dynasty, compiled Qingshigao and directly re- searched the early version of the record. Nevertheless, republic historians, such as Meng Sen, a professor from Peking University, expressed strong dissatisfaction and fierce criticism on the be- havior of altering or modifying Factual Record of Qing Dynasty. On the other hand, Meng Sen also adopted reliable historical materials from the Factual Record of Qing Dynasty to his own research. The scholars from the institute of history and philology and the young scholars of the Palace Museum believe in the concept of science and the modern method. They give an objective evaluation on the Factual Record of Qing Dynasty. Although with diverse stands and purposes, those studies had played a fundamental role in the subsequent research.

关 键 词：民国学者 《清实录》 机构 史学 

分 类 号：K249[历史地理—历史学]