赤桉在湖南的抗寒与生长适应性  

Cold Resistant of Eucalyptus camaldulensis with Reference to Growth Study in Hunan

作　　者：刘友全[1] 刘加林 潘天玲 

机构地区：[1]中南林学院资源与环境学院,中国湖南株洲412006 [2]雅安纸浆造纸厂,中国四川雅安625000

出　　处：《中南林学院学报》2000年第3期86-89,共4页Journal of Central South Forestry University

基　　金：国家重点科技攻关项目!"桉树纸浆用材树种良种选育及培育技术研究"( 96-0 11-0 1-0 3 )的部分内容

摘　　要：湖南多年引种桉树的历史表明 ,赤桉能忍耐 -8℃的低温 ,且生长良好 ,为湖南最适推广的桉树种之一 ,赤桉的半致死温度为 -10℃ ,而湖南 -10℃的低温周期约为 14a,因此营造短轮伐期桉树人工林可避开此低温的伤害 .不同桉树及赤桉种源试验研究结果显示 ,渡口赤桉等种源既耐寒 ,耐瘠薄 ,又表现早期速生 ,湘南是其最适推广区 .对与抗寒和生长有关的 3个生理指标进行了测定 ,9种桉树中 ,赤桉、多枝桉抗寒力强的种类其 SOD酶活性也高 ,分别为 45 9.7活性单位 /mg蛋白质和 60 0活性单位 /mg;7种桉树在生长旺盛季节硝酸还原酶活力以渡口赤桉为最高 ,达 4.5 2 0μmol· g- 1 ( 3 0 min) - 1 ;8种桉树中以赤桉的光合速率最高 ,为 15 .5 mg· dm- 2 h-The Eucalyptus has been introduced into Hunan for over 70 years. Of all the species planted, E.camaldulensis has proved to be one of the most adaptable species of Eucalyptus for this province. It successfully survived the low temperature of -8℃ and still showed good growth. The semilethal low temperature of this species is -10℃, but it takes approximately 14 years for this low temperature to occur by cycles in Hunan. Therefore, the growth damage due to low temperature can be avoided by planting this tree for short rotations. Provenance trials with a dozen of Eucalyptus have indicated that E.camaldulensis cv. Dukou has a good tolerance to cold temperatures and poor soils, and it grows fast at the early stage, particularly in the southern part of the Province. Three physiological indices relative to cold resistant and growth were determined. Results showed that, among the 9 species studied, E.camaldulensis and E.viminalis are better cold resisted than the other species.The SOD of both species is also higher, being, respectively, 459.7 and 660 active units per mg of protein. The NRA in E.camaldulensis cv.Dukou is 4.520 μmol·g -1 (30 min) -1 , which is the highest of the 7 species studied, and E.camaldulensis showed the highest photosynthetic rate among the 8 species studied, being 15.5 mg CO 2·dm -2 h -1 .

关 键 词：赤桉 抗寒性 生长适应性 湖南 种源 

分 类 号：S792.39[农业科学—林木遗传育种] S722.7[农业科学—林学]