中性磷类萃取剂从卤水中萃取锂的研究  

Extraction of lithium from brine with neutral organophosphorous solvents

作　　者：朱慎林[1] 朴香兰[1] 缑泽明[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学化学工程系,北京100084

出　　处：《清华大学学报（自然科学版）》2000年第10期47-50,共4页Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点资助项目!(2 9836 130 )

摘　　要：为回收卤水中的金属锂 ,在 Fe Cl3存在的条件下 ,通过实验研究中性磷类萃取剂萃取锂的效果 ,并研究萃取时间、温度、萃取剂浓度、金属盐 (Mg2 + ,Na+ ,K+ )浓度、酸度对TBP-煤油体系从高镁锂比的模拟卤水中萃取锂的影响规律。在实验中向高镁锂比的模拟卤水中添加 Fe Cl3,比较了中性磷类萃取剂 TBP、 DBBP和 TOPO萃取锂的效果 ,结果表明 TBP对锂有非常显著的萃取效果 ,而 DBBP和 TOPO的萃取能力则很弱。 TBP-煤油体系萃取锂时较优的萃取条件为 :萃取时间约为 2 0 min,温度为 2 0～ 2 5℃ ,[Fe3+ ]/[L i+ ]为 1.5～ 2 .0 ,TBP体积分数为 5 0 %～ 70 % ,Mg Cl2 浓度大于 3m ol/ L ,p H值约为 2 ,在萃取锂之前应先将钠盐和钾盐分离析出。Extraction of lithium from simulated brine in the presence of ferric chloride having a high magnesium to lithium ratio was investigated with neutral organophosphous solvents. The influences of contact time, extractant concentration, concentrations of some salts (Mg 2+ , Na +, K +) in the solution, hydrochloric acid acidity and extraction temperature on the lithium extraction were studied using the TBP kerosene system. The results show that tri n butyl phosphate (TBP) dissolved in kerosene is a good extractant for lithium against DBBP and TOPO. The suitable extraction conditions are found to be: contact time not any less than 20min; 20~25℃; [Fe 3+ ]/[Li +] about 1.5~2.0; TBP volume fraction 50%~70%; MgCl 2 exceeding 3mol/L; pH about 2; with most sodium and potassium salts in the aqueous phase removed before extraction.

关 键 词：溶剂萃取 磷酸三丁酯 金属锂 

分 类 号：TQ131.11[化学工程—无机化工] TF826.303[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]