肺结核就诊和确诊延误原因的质性研究  

Qualitative Research about Delayed Reasons of Visit and Diagnosis of Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis

作　　者：苏莉[1] 孙玉梅[1] 林可可[1] 姬萍[1] 盖亚茹[2] 臧娴娴[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学护理学院,北京市100191 [2]北京市结核病控制研究所

出　　处：《中国全科医学》2013年第4期406-408,共3页Chinese General Practice

摘　　要：目的探讨影响肺结核患者及时就医、确诊的因素，旨在为制定相关医疗护理措施提供依据。方法采用质性研究中的现象学研究方法，通过立意取样法选取16例肺结核患者。采用深度访谈法收集资料，类属分析法分析资料并形成主题。结果造成肺结核患者就诊、确诊延误的原因主要有7大类：（1）症状轻微，未予重视；（2）将咯血合理化；（3）将肺结核可疑症状误认为是感冒；（4）学习紧张，没时间看病；（5）不知道应该去结核病专业防治机构看病；（6）医务人员对肺结核的警惕性不高；（7）既往有肺部相关疾病。结论肺结核患者结核病知识缺乏，需接受系统的健康教育。医务人员应加强现代结核病防治知识的学习，提高对于肺结核的警惕性。Objective To investigate the factors influencing the timely visit and diagnosis in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis （TB） , so as to provide an evidence for making measures of relative medical nursing. Methods The phenomenologi- cal method in qualitative study was applied and 16 TB patients were selected by purposeful sampling. The data was collected through in -deep interview and analyzed by category analysis. Results The main reasons for delayed visit and diagnosis in TB patients were of seven sorts ： （ 1 ） mild symptoms which were not paid attention to ; （ 2 ） hemoptysis was reasonably recognized ; （ 3 ） suspicious symptoms of TB which were mistaken for a cold ; （4） being too busy to see a doctor; （5） having no sense to go to a professional institution for medical care; （6） lower vigilance of the medical staff; and （7） having a history of pulmonary diseases. Conclusion Patients with TB are short of TB - related knowledge so that they need systemic health education. Mean- while, medical personnel need to enhance their study on prevention and control knowledge of TB and improve their vigilance for pulmonary tuberculosis.

关 键 词：肺结核 延误 原因 质性研究 

分 类 号：R521[医药卫生—内科学]