安庆地区省沽油生物学特性初探  

Preliminary Study on the Biological Characteristics of Staphylea bumalda DC in Anqing

作　　者：余祖文[1] 姜晓斌[1] 毕璋友[1] 

机构地区：[1]安庆职业技术学院,安徽安庆246003

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2013年第4期1564-1565,共2页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：2009年安徽省高等学校省级自然科学研究项目(KJ2009-B083)

摘　　要：[目的]对安庆地区省沽油物候期和形态特征进行观察探究,为省沽油在沿江丘陵地区推广种植、开发利用提供理论和技术基础。[方法]对移栽4年生40株省沽油的物侯期、形态特征进行系统调查。[结果]安庆地区省沽油2月下旬～3月上旬萌动;3月上旬～4月中旬展叶、现蕾;4月初～5月初进入开花期;4月底～6月上旬结果;8月上旬～9月下旬果实成熟;8月中旬～10月初蒴果脱落;10月下旬～11月下旬叶片变色、脱落;随后冬季枝干进入休眠期,到第2年2月上旬。以4年树龄省沽油为例,平均株高148 cm,最高株高1.7m,平均地径2.0 cm,每株平均主干枝6根,每根主干枝平均着生8根果枝,当年生长量为40～80 cm。圆锥花序顶生直立,形似珍珠,蒴果膀胱状,种子椭圆形而扁。[结论]省沽油在沿江丘陵坡地可栽培。[ Objective] By researching phenological phase and morphological characteristics of Staphylea bumalda DC in Anqing, the study provides theoretical and technical basis for popularizing planting and exploiting Staphylea bumalda DC in hill area along Yangtze River. [ Method] A systematic investigation was made on phenological phase and morphological characteristics of forty strains of four-year-old Staphyl- ea bumalda DC. [ Result] The sprouting stage of Staphylea bumalda DC in Anqing was from late February to early March , the expending leaf and bud stage was from early March to mid-April, the blooming stage was from early April to early May, the fruiting stage was from late April to early June, the fruit ripening stage was from early August to late September, the capsule shedding stage was from mid-August to early Octo- ber, yellow and fall off of leaf was from late October to late November, and the dormancy stage was from winter to the following early February. Take example for four-year-old Staphylea bumalda DC, its average height was 148 cm with the highest of 1.7 m, the average ground diameter was 2.0 m , the average main branches of per plant were six roots, the average fruit branches of per main branch were eight roots, the current annual increment was 40 cm to 80 cm. And its pearly panicle was upright on the top, capsule＇s shape was bladdery, seedg shape is elliptic. [ Conclusion ] Staphylea bumalda DC can be planted in hilly upland along Yangtze River.

关 键 词：省沽油 珍珠菜 物候期 形态特征 

分 类 号：S567[农业科学—中草药栽培]