城市新建生态公园土壤养分空间变异性--以北京奥林匹克森林公园为例  

Spatial variability of soil nutrients in urban ecological parks——A case study of the Beijing Olympic Forest Park

作　　者：张晓凤[1] 张旭[1] 李广贺[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学环境学院,环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室,北京100084

出　　处：《清华大学学报（自然科学版）》2013年第1期90-95,共6页Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology)

基　　金：“十一五”国家科技支撑计划项目(2007BAC22B02)

摘　　要：针对北京奥林匹克森林公园以客土为下垫面的特点,采用网格取样法,结合地统计模型,分析了公园土壤有机质、氮、磷等养分参数的空间分布与变异特征。研究表明:公园土壤营养水平较低,各养分参数的变异水平不同,但具有同一级空间变异结构。受客土回填的随机影响,土壤养分整体的空间相关性较弱。其中,全氮、有效氮和铵态氮的分布还受人工施肥的影响,空间相关度最弱;而硝态氮受局部区域硝化-反硝化作用的影响,空间相关性最强。基于半方差球状理论模型的普通Kriging估计揭示了土壤各养分参数的空间变异特征,表明有机质对全氮、有效氮和全磷的空间分布有较强影响,而溶解态养分如硝态氮、铵态氮和有效磷的空间分布差异性较大。本研究可为公园土壤养分流失风险评估和预防措施的制定提供科学依据,并为同类新建城市公园的土壤养分管理提供借鉴。The soil in the Beijing Olympic Forest Park was analyzed using grid sampling combined with geo statistical analyses to determine the spatial distribution and variability of the soil nutrient parameters, such as the organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus and other nutrient parameters. The results show that the park soil is low in nutrients. Although the soil nutrient concentrations varied in different ways, they all exhibited similar levels of spatial variability. Their spatial correlations were all weak due to the artificial backfilling of the underlying surface. The spatial correlations of total nitrogen, available nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen were especially weak due to the influence of fertilization, while the spatial correlation of nitrate nitrogen was quite strong due to the nitrification and denitrification effect. Ordinary Kriging estimates based on a semi-variance spherical model showed that the organic matter strongly influenced the spatial variability of the soil total nitrogen, available nitrogen and total phosphorus. The dissolved nutrient concentrations such as nitrate, ammonium and avaiIable phosphorus varied greatly. This study provides a basis for the risk assessment of soil nutrient losses and soil nutrient management in other newly constructed urban parks.

关 键 词：土壤养分 城市公园土壤 空间变异 地统计学 普通Kriging 

分 类 号：S158[农业科学—土壤学] S159.2[农业科学—农业基础科学]