2011年北京市大兴区青少年烟草使用现状及其相关问题的调查  

Investigation on tobacco use status and related issues of adolescents in Daxing District of Beijing City in 2011

作　　者：姬春燕[1] 孙洪文[1] 李慧[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京市大兴区疾病预防控制中心,102600

出　　处：《职业与健康》2013年第4期394-401,共8页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的了解和掌握2011年北京市大兴区中小学校人群烟草使用的现状以及烟草使用相关认知和态度的现状;监测与青少年烟草使用和暴露相关的家庭、学校和社会环境、烟草促销与广告等因素,为控烟决策提供基础证据。方法按照多阶段整群抽样的原则,对辖区内小学、初中、高中、职高41个班级1 504名中小学生进行调查。结果共得学生有效问卷1 462份(97.21%),中小学生的尝试吸烟率为23.12%,现在吸烟率为9.85%,吸烟率为4.59%,过去7 d和30 d的被动吸烟率分别为45.62%和46.50%,男生高于女生,小学、初中、高中、职高递增,差异均有统计学意义。对吸烟和二手烟危害的认识率分别为84.56%和89.16%,女生高于男生,小学、初中、高中、职高递减,差异均有统计学意义。对朋友吸烟的态度1/2的学生选择劝阻,以女生和小学生最高,差异有统计学意义。对未来12个月和长大后自己吸烟的心理预期分别为12.28%和18.09%,男生高于女生,小学、初中、高中、职高递增,差异都有统计学意义。能够通过各种方式获得烟的同学占11.71%,其中以"自己买的"为主要途径,占各种方式获得烟的50.80%,卖烟人不因年龄小而不卖给学生烟,而使学生自己买烟成功的占12.74%,男生高于女生,小学、初中、高中、职高递增,差异均有统计学意义。结论学生烟草使用状况仍然严峻。多数学生对吸烟危害有正确认知;小学生吸烟相关知信行好于中学生,女生好于男生;烟草获得途径容易;家庭和学校不是无烟环境。应该加强烟草知识的宣传教育,培养学生良好的习惯,积极创造无烟学校和无烟家庭,对售烟人加强监督管理。[ Objective] To understand and master the tobacco use status and related recognition and attitude of primary and seconda- ry school students in Daxing District of Beijing City in 2011, to monitor tobacco use and exposure related factors, such as family, school, social environment, tobacco promotion and advertisement. , and provide basic evidence for tobacco control policy-making. [ Methods] In accordance with the principles of multi- stage cluster sampling, a total of 1 504 students from 41 classes in primary school, secondary school, high school and vocational high school were recruited for investigation. [ Results ] Totally 1 462 valid questionnaires（ 97.21% }were obtained, the attempt smoking rate, current smoking rate and smoking rate, passive smoking rate of past 7 d and 30 d was 23.12%, 9.85%, 4.59%, 45.62% and 46.50%, male student was higher than female student. In prima- ry school, secondary school, high school and vocational high school, the above rates increased gradually. The differences were sig- nificant. The awareness rate of hazards of smoking and secondhand smoke was 84.56% and 89.16%, respectively, male higher than female. In primary school, secondary school, high school and vocational high school, they increased gradually. All differences were significant. About half of the students chose to dissuade their friends from smoking, most were female and primary school students, with significant differences. 12.28% and 18.09% students had psychological expectation of smoking in next 12 months and after growing up, male were more than female, increasing gradually in primary school, secondary school, high school and voca- tional high school, with significant differences. 11.71% students could obtain tobacco through various channels, with＂ buying their own＂ as main channel which occupied 50.80% of all channels. 12.74% students succeeded in tobacco purchase with the help of tobacco sellers who knew they were too young to buy tobaccos, male were more than female, increasing gradually in primary schoo

关 键 词：学生 烟草 问卷调查 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]