延迟焦化原料特性分析和加热炉优化设计  

Analysis of feedstock features of delayed coking unit and optimization design of furnace

作　　者：晁可绳[1] 崔莉[1] 梁双双[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国寰球工程公司,北京市100012

出　　处：《炼油技术与工程》2013年第2期29-38,共10页Petroleum Refinery Engineering

摘　　要：原油日趋多样化、重质化,加之常减压蒸馏装置采用高拔出率和焦化装置采用超低循环比操作,使焦化加热炉辐射管甚至下对流管结焦更趋严重,对焦化加热炉良好设计提出了严峻挑战。根据热转化成焦机理及胶体体系相平衡和诱导期概念,对不同减渣(500℃以上)、深拔减渣(565℃以上)、不同循环比和不同温度下焦化加热炉进料特性进行了分析以探求其规律性,指导加热炉工艺设计。对于焦化加热炉设计首选卧式梯形底侧烧的附墙燃烧炉型,尤其对劣质焦化原料和要求较高转化率的工况更好。As crude oils are becoming increasingly heavier and varieties are numerous, the atmospheric- vacuum distillation units are operating at high drawn-out rate and delayed coking units are operating at uhra- low circulation rate, the coking on radiant tubes and even convection tubes of delayed eoking furnace is be- coming increasingly serious, which imposes a great challenge to the good design of delayed coking furnace. Based upon the thermal coking mechanisms and phase balance of gum system as well as the concept of induc- tion periodand the the vacuum residue （ 〉 500℃ ）, the vacuum residue of deep-cut vacuum distillation （ 〉 565℃） feedstock features of delayed coker at different circulation rates and s different temperatures are analyzed. It is concluded that, for the design of delayed coker furnace, horizontal bottom side wall fired fur- nace should be selected, especially for the low-quality feedstock and higher conversion operation.

关 键 词：延迟焦化 原料特性 成焦机理 加热炉 设计 

分 类 号：TE963[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]