半再生重整装置催化剂跑损原因分析及改造  

Analysis of catalyst loss of a semi-regenerative catalytic reformer and revamp

作　　者：吴振华[1] 陈建祥[1] 卢秋旭[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油化工股份有限公司塔河分公司,新疆库车842000

出　　处：《炼油技术与工程》2013年第2期57-59,共3页Petroleum Refinery Engineering

摘　　要：2005年及2009年中国石油化工股份有限公司塔河分公司半再生重整装置两次发生催化剂跑损,催化剂跑损的主要部位是重整第三、第四反应器扇形板、扇形筒、中心筒等相连部位。跑剂的主要原因:一是选材不合理,由于反应器内构件材质不同,热膨胀量也不同,在装置紧急停、开工的过程中,造成轴向膨胀,使中心管罩帽的密封破坏;二是结构不合理,第三、第四反应器采用离心式径向反应器(上进上出),由于物料流向是从中心管至扇形筒,随着装置负荷增加,扇形板受到向上的压力也随之升高,裙板与扇形筒之间密封的催化剂易被带出。采取的主要措施:一是将填料函弧形板的螺栓紧固,四个筋板吊耳相连的扇形板处螺栓拆除,中心管罩帽填料函弧形板的紧固螺栓松开,保证中心管可以自由伸缩;二是对第三、四反应器的进、出口调向,流体经扇形筒向心穿过催化剂床层进入中心管。反应器改造后,消除了该装置催化剂跑损的隐患和装置的负荷瓶颈,提高了全厂经济效益。The semi-regenerative catalytic reformer of SINOPEC Tahe Company experienced two catalyst runaways in 2005 and 2009. The runaways mainly occurred at the connections of scallop plate, scallop cylin- der and center pipe, etc of reactor Ⅲ and reactor Ⅳ. The main cause of catalyst runaway is inappropriate ma- terial selection. As the materials of reactor internals are different, the expansions of the internals are different. In the emergency shutdown and start-up, the axial expansion will damage the seal of cap of center pipe and catalyst will run away. The other cause of catalyst runaway is improper reactor construction. As the reactor m and reactor IV are centrifugal radial reactors （bottom in, top out） and the effluent flows from center pipe to scallop cylinder, the up-lifting pressure on scallop plate rises with increase of operating load of the unit and the seal catalysts between skirt scallop plates are easy to be carried over. The major measures taken are： the bolts on the arc segment of packing gland are tightened, the bolts of scallop plate in connection with 4 lifting eyes are removed, The tightening bolts on scallop plate on packing gland of center pipe cap are loosened to ensure that the center pipe can expand and contract freely; In addition, the inlet and outlet of reactor Ⅲ and reactor Ⅳare changed so that the fluid flows radially through scallop cylinder and catalyst bed and to the center pipe. After revamping of reactors, the catalyst loss potential of the unit has been eliminated, the unit capacity has been debottlenecked and the economic benefit of the plant has been improved.

关 键 词：半再生重整 反应器 催化剂 跑损 改造 

分 类 号：TE966[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]