基于词汇同构关系的外语分类研究  

The Confirmatory Research of 16 Typical European Language Similarity Based on the Word Isomorphism

作　　者：柴省三[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京语言大学汉语水平考试中心,北京100083

出　　处：《西安外国语大学学报》2013年第1期59-63,共5页Journal of Xi’an International Studies University

基　　金：北京市共建项目(2011):北京语言文化建设研究的阶段性研究成果

摘　　要：不同语言之间在语音、词汇和语法特征等方面存在一定程度的相似性,这种相似性是语言谱系结构和类型分类的基础。本研究运用多元等级聚类分析法,以欧洲16种印欧语系(Indo-European Family)和乌拉尔语系语言的词汇同构(isomorphism)为基础,对英语、德语、荷兰语、瑞典语、丹麦语、挪威语、法语、意大利语、西班牙语、葡萄牙语、爱沙尼亚语、波兰语、捷克语、芬兰语、匈牙利语和罗马尼亚语之间的结构相似关系进行了实证分类。研究结果与传统的特征比较法对语言进行的分类结构完全一致。The degree of similarity among different languages could be investigated through the phonation, word and grammar structure laws, and almost all the languages in the world are classified as different families, groups and subgroups or branches of language according to their similarities. This research, based on the word isomorphism, specifically addresses itself to the empirical study of typological classification of 16 modem European languages. The typological relations and structures derived trom multivariate cluster analysis confirm perfectly the classification structure from traditional characteristics comparison methods.

关 键 词：外语分类研究 语言类型分类 词汇同构 欧洲语言 聚类分析 

分 类 号：H030[语言文字—语言学]