矮败小麦育种技术研究进展  

Progress in Dwarf Male-sterile Wheat Breeding Technology System

作　　者：刘宏伟[1] 刘秉华[1] 周阳[1] 杨丽[1] 王山荭[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院作物科学研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《中国农业科技导报》2013年第1期25-29,共5页Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD35B03)资助

摘　　要：矮败小麦是我国自主创制的小麦特异种质资源。其4D染色体上紧密连锁有显性矮秆基因Rht-D1c和显性雄性核不育基因Ms2,因此,矮败小麦后代始终会分离出一半异交结实的矮秆不育株和一半自交结实的高矮秆可育株,是理想的遗传改良工具。经过多年研究与实践,建立了方便高效的矮败小麦育种技术体系,在我国小麦育种中发挥了重要作用。近年来,分子生物学研究的快速发展为矮败小麦育种技术的进一步提升提供了强有力的工具,同时,矮败小麦育种技术体系也为分子生物学研究成果在小麦育种中的应用提供了高效的技术平台。矮败小麦育种技术与现代分子育种技术结合,将为我国小麦育种技术的发展开辟新的途径。总结了矮败小麦育种技术研究进展,并对该项技术今后的发展趋势进行了讨论。Dwarf male-sterile （DS） wheat carries Ms2, the Taigu male-sterile gene, and Rht-Dlc dwarfing gene, a genetic marker for the male sterility and the two genes are closely linked on the short arm of chromosome 4D. The progeny of DS wheat always segregates in I ： 1 for male-sterile plants with Rht-Dlc and male-fertile plants without Rht-Dlc, so it provides an ideal tool for wheat recurrent selection breeding program. Using DS wheat, a convenient and effective method has been established in recurrent selection called DS wheat breeding system. The DS wheat breeding system has been successfully used in wheat breeding programs in China. The great progress in molecular biology in recent years make it possible to further improve DS wheat breeding system, and vice versa, the DS wheat breeding system can serve as a high efficient platform for the molecular breeding technology to be used in wheat breeding program, and the combination of the DS wheat breeding system with the molecular breeding technology may significantly increase the wheat breeding efficiency. This paper reviewed the progress in DS wheat breeding system and discussed its future development.

关 键 词：矮败小麦 矮秆 雄性不育 育种技术 

分 类 号：S512.103[农业科学—作物学]