理论之于应用的非自足性——评价文体学建构中的理论问题与解决方案  

Problems and Solutions in Appraisal Stylistics Construction:A Case of Non-autonomicality of "Theory in Application"

作　　者：彭宣维[1] 程晓堂[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学

出　　处：《中国外语》2013年第1期27-35,共9页Foreign Languages in China

基　　金：国家哲学社会科学基金项目"评价理论在文体学上的应用及评价语料库的研制"(项目编号:07BYY063)析出成果

摘　　要：本文介绍评价理论应用于文学文本分析、建构评价文体学的一系列问题及解决途径:首先是选题缘起,涉及理论应用的可能性与适用能力,其次是由此带来的评价理论与文学文本分析的接口问题,包括与文学批评-审美,尤其是结构主义和解构主义在思想观念上的冲突;评价理论所在系统功能语言学模型的局限和与此前文体学、叙事学、语用学甚至认知语言学相关发现的整合。这就关涉解决方案的提出,一是理论范式,包括"作者—文本—读者"一体化认知解读模型、基于体验哲学的现在主义认识论的应用以及着眼于认知加工的语言过程操作平台;随后是操作原则,作者在上述框架内变通采用了前景化、评价动机、相互间性(事物、主体和文本间性)、整体性、或然性和归因性等基本原则。最后是描写框架和基本观点,为此而构拟了评价文体学关于批评-审美的八对波动平衡模式,便于文本分析之用。论述过程力图揭示课题在上述诸方面的具体操作方式,以期对初学者有所启示。This report introduces the series of theoretical problems in applying the Appraisal Theory （AT）to literary text analysis so as to establish Appraisal Stylistics （AS）. It first discusses the background of this topic, concerning the application possibility and capacity. Then it leads up to the interface of the application, including the ideological conflict of AT with the orthodox literary criticism, in particular the structuralism and post- structuralism, and the integration with previous stylistics and Narratology, the deficiency of Systemic Functional Linguistic model （SFL） where AT has been developed, and even the fundamental findings from Pragmatics and Cognitive Linguistics. To solve these problems, the program puts forward a new theoretical paradigm, concerning the way of constructing a unified ＂author-text-reader＂ cognitivemodel, surveys the key points of Nowist epistemology based on Embodied Philosophy and the Process Model of SFL in terms of cognitive process. On that basis, the project draws on such fundamental principles as Foregrounding, Appraisal motivation, Interality （Interobjectivity, Intersubjectivity and Intertextuality）, Holisticality and Attributionality. Finally, the paper presents a descriptive framework and the basic views, which are developed into eight pairs of critico-aesthetic wave-like equilibrium model for literary text analysis. The demonstration process of the paper tries to reveal the practical operation routines of all the issues aforementioned in order to offer some enlightenment for upcoming beginners.

关 键 词：评价理论 评价文体学 理论 应用差距 研究规程 

分 类 号：H152[语言文字—汉语]