面向节水型产业结构的黑龙江省行业用水及经济特征分析  

An Analysis of the Water and Economic Features of Industries in Heilongjiang Province for Water-saving Industry Structures

作　　者：赵晶[1] 倪红珍[2] 王立坤[1] 侯丽娜[2] 徐志国[3] 

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学水利与建筑学院,哈尔滨150030 [2]中国水利水电科学研究院水资源研究所,北京100038 [3]松辽委察尔森水库管理局,内蒙古乌兰浩特137400

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2013年第2期107-110,116,共5页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：2011水利部重大课题--水重大(2011-1-2);水利部公益性行业科研专项(201001014)

摘　　要：在有限的水资源条件下,合理分配水资源,提高用水效率及水的经济效益,已经成为目前的热点问题之一。以2010年投入产出表为数据基础,计算黑龙江省的用水、耗水及污染系数、各产业的影响力、感应力系数、生产诱发系数,进行用水、耗水效益和污染程度、各产业的经济特征的分析判断。结果表明:①农业用水成本最大,污染大,最不经济,出口对农业影响最大;②高用水行业主要集中在以资源加工为主的工业内部,高耗水行业只要集中在第2产业的部分制造业,高污染行业主要集中在以制造业为主的工业,投资对第2产业影响最大;③黑龙江省第3产业均属于一般用水行业和一般耗水行业,除了住宿和餐饮业外其他服务业均属于一般污染行业,第3产业用水最经济,污染少,为促进第3产业的发展,应首先提高对第3产业的消费,其次加大对第3产业的投资和出口。How to rationally allocate water resources and improve economy and use efficiency of water in the limited water resource ha become a hot topic. Production-induced coefficients of Heilongjiang Province are calculated to analyze water-use efficiency and pollu- tion levels, and economic characteristics. The results show that.- the cost of agricultural water and pollution is the largest. High wa- ter industry is mainly concentrated on the industry of resources processing. High-pollution industries are mainly concentrated on the manufacturing industry. Investment is the greatest impact on the second industry; the tertiary industry of Heilongjiang Province is the general water-use industry and water-deprivation industry, in addition to accommodation and catering general belonging to pollu- ting industries the tertiary industry is all the general pollution, the use of water and pollution the tertiary industry is the least and the most economical, in order to promote the development of tertiary industry, consumption should be increased.

关 键 词：用水效率 耗水效率 污染程度 生产诱发系数 节水型产业结构 

分 类 号：TV213.9[水利工程—水文学及水资源]