植物叶绿体分裂的分子机制  

Molecular Mechanism Involved in Chloroplast Division in Plants

作　　者：谌志伟[1] 胡勇[2] 

机构地区：[1]菏泽学院生命科学系,山东菏泽274015 [2]首都师范大学生命科学学院,北京100037

出　　处：《中国生物化学与分子生物学报》2013年第3期218-225,共8页Chinese Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.30971558);北京市教委科技发展计划面上项目(No.115304514)~~

摘　　要：叶绿体是植物细胞内一种重要的细胞器.它不仅是光合作用的场所,还是其它多种中间代谢的场所.叶绿体起源于蓝细菌,与其原核祖先类似,通过二分裂方式进行增殖.最近的研究表明,叶绿体的分裂装置包含原核起源和真核起源的蛋白质,它们在叶绿体的内膜内侧和外膜外侧协同作用以完成叶绿体的分裂.在过去十几年里,包括丝状温度敏感蛋白Z(FtsZ)、Min系统蛋白、质体分裂蛋白(PDV)和ARC蛋白等在内的多个叶绿体分裂相关组分被分离鉴定.本文简要介绍了叶绿体分裂装置各成员的发现、叶绿体被膜的收缩和叶绿体分裂位点的选择机制.另外,植物发育过程中叶绿体分裂可能受到细胞的控制,但目前对细胞如何调控叶绿体分裂知之甚少.本文对该领域的最新研究进展也进行了综述.The chloroplast is a specific organelle in photosynthetic eukaryotes that houses many essential metabolic pathways. It arose from an endosymbiotic event in which a cyanobacterium was engulfed by a heterotrophic eukaryotic host cell. Similar to its prokaryotic ancestor, each chloroplast arises from a pre existing chloroplast by binary division. Recent studies have revealed that chloroplast division is executed by the coordinated action of prokaryote-derived and host-derived proteins at the division site, encompassing both the inside and the outside of the two envelope membranes. Several chloroplast division components such as filamentous temperature-sensitive protein Z （FtsZ）, Min, plastid division protein （PDV） and ARC have been identified in the past several years. Here we reviewed the progress in identifying the components of the chloroplast division complex to understand the mechanisms of envelope constriction and division-site placement in plants. The chloroplast division process may be controlled and coordinated by the host cell during proliferation and differentiation, but little is known about mechanisms of cellular regulation during chloroplast division. We also reviewed how the division complex evolved, and how host ceils regulate the chloroplast division.

关 键 词：叶绿体 丝状温度敏感蛋白Z(FtsZ) 叶绿体积累与复制(arc)突变体 质体分裂蛋白 

分 类 号：Q7[生物学—分子生物学]