中国门诊高血压患者血压达标现状及影响因素分析  

Blood pressure control rate and its influencing factors in Chinese hypertensive outpatients

作　　者：林凡礼[1] 战义强[1] 贾贡献[1] 余金明[1] 胡大一[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学公共卫生学院临床流行病研究中心,公共卫生安全教育部重点实验室,上海200032 [2]北京大学人民医院心脏中心

出　　处：《中华高血压杂志》2013年第2期170-174,共5页Chinese Journal of Hypertension

摘　　要：目的了解中国门诊高血压患者达标现状及其影响因素。方法采用多中心横断面临床流行病学调查,于2011-03-05,在全国31个城市中的125家医院,对≥18岁的原发性高血压患者共4085例进行流行病学调查。计算高血压患者相关伴发疾病的筛查率(高血压患者中进行相关伴发疾病临床检查所占的比例)和患病率(高血压患者伴发疾病的患病情况)。结果门诊高血压患者血压总体达标率为33.68%,单因素分析时,血压达标组与未达标组间差异有统计学意义的因素为年龄、身高、体质量、体质量指数(BMI)、腰围、年龄构成、BMI构成、性别、文化程度、职业、医疗支付方式、饮酒、体力活动。门诊血压患者伴发疾病中,冠状动脉性心脏病(冠心病)、糖尿病、肾病的筛查率最高,分别为89.03%、88.47%、86.24%,门诊高血压患者中,冠心病、糖尿病、脑卒中的患病率最高,分别为38.77%、23.02%、12.50%。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,血压达标率的保护因素为高龄、退休、公费医疗、体力活动和单纯高血压患者。结论门诊高血压患者血压总体达标率为33.68%。血压达标率的保护因素为高龄、退休、公费医疗、体力活动和单纯高血压患者。Objective To investigate the blood pressure control rate and its related factors in Chinese hypertension outpatients. Methods In this multicenter, cross-sectional epidemiological survey, essential hypertensive outpa- tients aged 18 years and over were recruited from 125 hospitals in 31 cities across China. The screening rates {the proportion of patients receiving clinical examination for the detection of concomitant diseases} and prevalence of con- comitant diseases in hypertensive outpatients were calculated. Results The control rate of blood pressure in these hypertensive outpatients was 33.68%. Single-factor analysis showed that there existed significant differences be- tween the controlled group and the uncontrolled group in indicators as follows： age, height, weight, body mass in- dex {BMI}, waist circumference, proportion of age or BMI, gender, education level, profession, medical payment, alcohol drinking habit and physical activity The highest screening rates of concomitant diseases in hypertensive outpatients were coronary heart disease （ CHD } （ 89.03% }, diabetes mellitus （ 88.47% } and nephropathy {86.24%}. The prevalence of CHD（ 38.77%}, diabetes mellitus （23.02 %} and stroke{ 12.50 % } were the highest among all concomitant diseases in this outpatients population. Multiple logistic regression analysis suggested that advanced age,retirement, public medical payment, physical activity, uncomplicated hypertension patients were pro- tective factors of control rate among all the variables in selected subjects. Conclusion The control rate of blood pressure in these hypertensive outpatients was 33.68%. Older age, retired, public medical payment, physical ac- tivity and uncomplicated hypertension have proven to be protective factors of control rate.

关 键 词：高血压 门诊患者 达标率 影响因素 

分 类 号：R544.1[医药卫生—心血管疾病]