村落体育的社会生态学分析——以河北沧州郭村为例  

Social Ecological Analysis on Village Sports—A Case Study on Guo Village in Hebei Cangzhou

作　　者：孙风林[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京物资学院体育部,北京101149

出　　处：《体育科学》2013年第3期19-27,共9页China Sport Science

摘　　要：为了解决村落体育的发展问题,从社会生态学视角对村落体育进行个案解读。研究发现,村落体育活动的发展具有自生、共生、再生、变异、移植等生态类型,其与环境相互作用从而形成村落体育的内生机制。在村落体育的政治、经济、自然以及文化环境不断变迁的情况下,村落体育活动在时间安排、空间分布、内容选择、参与动机、消费观念等方面发生了比较积极的转变。村落体育生态的发展既存在新农村建设的机遇,也面临城镇化背景下农村劳动力流动的挑战。针对发展中存在的问题,制定了资源的高效利用原则、协同原则、保护村落体育多样性原则以及环境综合治理等4项干预原则,提出了如下生态解决路径:在宏观上,国家应制定切实有效的扶持政策,加大投入,增加服务和资源供给,促进村落体育生态向更高层次变迁;在中观上,营造行政上重视,消费上引导,文化上包容,空间上集约优化的村落体育生态环境;在微观上,通过移植共生、传统再生、内部自生和变异转化的方法繁荣村落体育活动。In order to solve the problem of village sports intervention more scientifically and rea-sonably, deep and detailed explanation is conducted by way of case study from the perspective of the social ecology on village sports. It is found that in recent years the village sports envi-ronment has gone through the process of gradual transition from passive compression to active development in space, from negligence to consideration in politics, from refusal to actively ab- sorption in culture, from handicap to promotion in economy. Village sports have the ecological characteristics of being autogenous, symbiotic, renewable, variable and portable. The develop-ment of ecological village sports needs to grasp the new rural construction opportunity, and also face with the rural labor flow challenge under the background of urbanization. Three ecological paths are put forwarded：the first is to formulate practical and effective policy to increase in-vestment to the village sports;the second is to construct a good environment for the develop-ment of village sports which is politically recognizable, economically active, culturally compre-hensive, and spatially ample;the third is that village sports activities can become prosperous by symbiosis, traditional regeneration, internal autogenous and variation method of transforming.

关 键 词：村落体育 社会生态学 变迁 

分 类 号：G80-05[文化科学—运动人体科学]