兰州市新发尘肺病病例分析  

Analysis on new cases of pneumoconiosis in Lanzhou City

作　　者：李盛[1] 王金玉[2] 李志强[1] 

机构地区：[1]兰州市疾病预防控制中心职业病防制所,甘肃兰州730030 [2]兰州大学,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《工业卫生与职业病》2013年第2期79-82,共4页Industrial Health and Occupational Diseases

基　　金：兰州市科技局科技支撑项目(2011-2-19)

摘　　要：目的分析兰州市尘肺病发病情况,为制定防治措施提供科学依据。方法对2006-2010年兰州市新发尘肺病监测资料用Excel和SPSS 13.0统计软件进行统计分析。结果2006-2010年兰州市共报告各种新发尘肺病264例,发病呈增长趋势。兰州市七里河区、永登县及红古区的新发病例较多,占81.8%。不同种类尘肺中,煤工尘肺最多,占46.6%。不同分期尘肺中,壹期病例最多,占83.3%。平均发病年龄为(53.5±11.1)岁,平均接尘工龄为(24.4±10.8)a;平均发病年龄和平均接尘工龄由大到小均依次为煤工尘肺、其他尘肺、矽肺;新发病例主要来源于非公有制企业(49.2%)和中小型企业(59.1%),非公有制企业尘肺平均接尘工龄较公有制企业短。煤炭开采和洗选业病例较多,占42.4%;工种主要分布在矿山开采,占43.6%;开始接尘年代在1971-1980年间新发病例最多,占37.9%。结论兰州市尘肺病发病情况不容乐观,应重点监管中小型非公有制企业,重点加强对煤矿工人和企业退休前后工人的职业健康检查。Objective To analyze the incidence of new cases of pneumoconiosis for providing scientific criteria for prevention and treatment measures of pneumoconiosis. Methods Excel and SPSS13.0 were used to analyze the new cases of pneumoconiosis collected during 2006-2010 in Lanzhou city. Results There were 264 new cases of pneumoconiosis collected during 2006- 2010 in Lanzhou city, and the incidence of pneumoconiosis was incremental year after year. The incidence in Qilihe district, Yongdeng County and Honggu district was rather severe occupied 81.8%. The incidence of coal worker＇s pneumoconiosis occupied 46.6%, the highest in all kinds of pneumoconiosis. The incidence of stage Ⅰ pneumoconiosis was 83.3%, which was the highest among all grades of pneumoconiosis. The average age of pneumoconiosis patients was 53.5±11.1 years old, and the average length of service was 24.4±10. 8 years. The order from high to low was coal worker＇s pneumoconiosis, other pneumoconiosis and silicosis according to the average age and the average length of service of pneumoconiosis patients. The cases mostly were adopted from non--public-- owned enterprises （49.2%） and small and medium--sized enterprises （59.1%）. The ratio of cases of coal mining and coal washing industry was 42.4%, which was the highest in all kinds of job categories. The incidence of workers of mine exploitation was 42.4%, the highest in all kinds of work in production. Conelmions The incidence status of pneumoconiosis is severe in Lanzhou, supervision should be focused on non--state--owned enterprises and small and medium--sized enterprises, and the occupational health checkups of coal miners and of the working staff before and after their retiring should be reinforced.

关 键 词：兰州市 尘肺 发病 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]