新型碳纳米材料——石墨烯及其衍生物在生物传感器中的应用  

Applications of Novel Carbon Nanomaterials——Graphene and Its Derivatives in Biosensing

作　　者：李晶[1] 杨晓英[2] 

机构地区：[1]天津出入境检验检疫局工业产品安全技术中心,天津300201 [2]天津市临床药物关键技术重点实验室天津医科大学药学院,天津300070

出　　处：《化学进展》2013年第2期380-396,共17页Progress in Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.51103106);天津市科技计划项目(No.12ZCZDSF01000)资助

摘　　要：纳米生物检测是目前纳米科学、生物化学及诊断技术相结合的新的重要研究方向。石墨烯由于具有优良的电子、光学、热学、化学和机械性质,使其具有构筑探针分子和信号传递并放大的三重作用,成为应用于超灵敏生物传感器的理想材料。快速的电子传递和可多重修饰的化学性质使其能够实现准确而高选择性的生物分子检测。石墨烯及其复合材料越来越多地被应用到生物传感器的制备中。本文综述了近几年石墨烯及其衍生物在生物传感器研究中的进展,包括修饰石墨烯的各种材料、多种生物活性物质在石墨烯表面的直接电子转移和石墨烯在酶传感器、免疫传感器、基因传感器以及一些生物小分子的检测等方面的研究。Nanotechnology for bio-detection is a new important research field combining nanoscience, biochemistry and diagnostic techniques. Graphene has triple functions of constructing probe molecules, signal transfer and signal amplification due to its remarkable electronic, optical, thermal, chemical and mechanical properties, which make it a promise material for uhrasensitive nanomaterial based biosensors. Rapid electron transfer and manipulable muhi-functionalized surface chemistry make it realize accurate and selective detection of biomolecules. Graphene and its nanocomposites are used in the preparation of biosensor gradually. This review focuses on recent advances of graphene and its derivatives in applications of biosensing, including various materials for modifying graphene, the direct electron transfer of various bioelectroactive substances on graphene and graphene in enzymatic biosensors, immunobiosensors, gene biosensors and detection of small biomolecules.

关 键 词：石墨烯 功能化 生物传感器 电化学 荧光共振能转移 

分 类 号：O657[理学—分析化学] O613.71[理学—化学]