中国区域持续性高温事件时空变化特征研究  

Study on Temporal and Spatial Variations of Regional Continual High Temperature Event in China

作　　者：王艳姣[1] 任福民[1] 闫峰[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象局国家气候中心,北京100081 [2]中国林业科学研究院荒漠化研究所,北京100091

出　　处：《地理科学》2013年第3期314-321,共8页Scientia Geographica Sinica

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2007BAC29B04);国家自然科学基金(41175075);公益性行业(气象)专项(GYHY200906041;GY-HY201206013)资助

摘　　要：采用综合考虑高温事件温度强度、持续时间和发生面积等因子的区域持续性极端高温事件(regional con-tinual high temperature event,RCHTE)判别方法和指标体系,分析中国近50 a RCHTE的时空变化特征。研究表明,中国RCHTE发生强度和频次较多的地区主要位于中国西北(西北西部和内蒙古西部)和东南地区(黄淮南部、江淮、江汉、江南和华南南部等地),而中国东北和西南地区为RCHTE少发区;中国RCHTE发生频次、强度和影响面积在20世纪90年代前略呈减少趋势,90年代后呈现显著增加趋势,各指标在90年代末至21世纪初发生-突变,RCHTE增加趋势更为显著。Affected by global climate changes and human activities, regional continual high temperature event （RCHTE） shows new trends, such as increasing intensity, higher frequency and larger range. RCHTE is one of the most serious disasters in China which does great harm to production and living conditions of human be-ings. It is very necessary to carry out RCHTE study synthetically and identify its temporal and spatial charac-teristics in China. In this paper, 642 meteorological station data of China from 1961 to 2010 were used to calcu-late air temperature. Intensity, area and duration of temperature were adopted to identify RCHTE. Then single index and integrated index were established to show characteristics of RCHTE. Besides, typical RCHTE case was chosen to analyze and test the methodology of RCHTE identification. Test result showed that RCHTE identify method coupled with single and integrated index can identify RCHTE correctly and effectively. On the base of the method, temporal and spatial characteristics of RCHTE in China from 1961 to 2010 are analyzed and results show that： there are 291 times RCHTE occurred in the past 50 years, including extreme RCHTE 31 times, severe RCHTE 59 times, moderate RCHTE 113 times and weak RCHTE 88 times. Distribution of RCHTE in China show obvious spatial characteristic. Moreover, spatial distribution of the intensity and fre-quency of RCHTE shows a good consistency. Regions with higher intensity and frequency of RCHTE mainly lie in Northwest of China （including western Northwest China and western Inner Mongolia） and Southeast Chi-na （including southern Huanghuai, Jianghuai, Jianghan, Jiangnan and southern South China） while intensity and frequency of RCHTE in Northeast China and Southwest China are relatively lower. Temporal variations of RCHTE analyses show that RCHTE in China has obvious increasing trends over the past 50 years. The accu-mulation of intensity, frequency, duration and area indices of RCHTE are relatively higher in 1960s and 1970s, while the indices

关 键 词：区域持续性高温事件 指标体系 时空变化 

分 类 号：P467[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]