拳击后手直拳下肢快速发力对出拳速度的影响  

Effect of Lower Limb Fast Drive Force on Punch Speed in Back Straight Punch

作　　者：苏彦炬[1,2] 吴贻刚[1] 袁艳[3] 吴正平[4] 

机构地区：[1]上海体育学院体育教育训练学院,上海200438 [2]河北经贸大学体育部,河北石家庄050061 [3]江西师范大学体育学院,江西南昌330027 [4]上海体育学院附属竞技体校,上海200438

出　　处：《中国体育科技》2013年第2期118-122,126,共6页China Sport Science and Technology

基　　金：上海市科学技术委员会科研计划项目(09490503400)

摘　　要：目的:探讨拳击运动员下肢快速蹬地发力对出拳速度的影响,为拳击专项力量训练提供理论参考。方法:运用两块测力台和三维红外高速摄像系统进行同步测试,采集16名优秀男子拳击运动员以后手直拳全力击打固定目标过程中,双脚地面支撑反作用力及运动学相关数据。积极蹬地发力阶段,前、后脚蹬地最大力量/体重、快速力量指数/体重、蹬地达到最大力量峰值的时间分别与出拳速度进行相关分析,从中选取呈显著相关的快速力量参数与出拳速度进行曲线估计,选择拟合度最高的曲线模型计算相应的回归方程。结果:前、后脚蹬地最大力量/体重、快速力量指数/体重与出拳速度之间直线拟合度最高,均呈显著正相关(P<0.01),蹬地达到最大力量峰值的时间与出拳速度二次曲线模型拟合度最高,呈曲线关系(P<0.01)。结论:1)后手直拳击打,积极蹬地发力阶段,前、后脚快速发力对出拳速度均具有显著影响。2)提高前、后脚积极蹬地发力阶段最大蹬地力量及发力速度对于提升后手直拳出拳速度具有重要意义。Objective：The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of lower limb fast drive force on the punch speed, in order to provide a theoretical reference for the boxing specific strength training. Methods： Three-dimensional video graphic and two KISTLER force-plate were used synchronized, and 16 male elite boxers performed back straight punch on Chinese Kung Fu testing engineering try their best. We collected the parameters of force-plate, kine- matics parameters and speed of punch.; Take a relative analysis on speed strength parameters of double feet and punch speed, then selected the significant relativity parameters made a curve to estimate the relation between the parameters of speed strength and punch speed respectively, and selected the highest fitting model to calculate the corresponding regression equation. Re- suits： There are highest linear fitting degree between double feet maximum strength/weight, speed strength index/weight and punch speed, showed a linear positive correlation （P;0. 01）; and there is highest curve fitting degree between the time reach maximum force peak and punch speed, showed a curvilinear relationship （ P ; 0.01 ）. Conclusion ： 1 ） back straight punching, double feet fast drive force in active push-off phase has a significant impact on punching speed. 2） Improving the double feet maximum force and the speed of drive force are very important to improve the speed of back straight punch in active push-off phase.

关 键 词：拳击 后手直拳 下肢 专项力量 快速发力 出拳速度 

分 类 号：G886.1[文化科学—体育训练]