商陆根超声波萃取物对朱砂叶螨的生物活性  

Acaricidal activity of different ultrasonic wave extracts from Phytolacca americana roots against Tetranychus cinnabarinus

作　　者：丁丽娟[1] 丁伟[1] 张永强[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学植物保护学院,重庆400716

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2013年第3期621-626,共6页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31272058);教育部博士点新教师基金项目(20100182120021)资助

摘　　要：比较了商陆(Phytolacca americana)根丙酮提取物的正丁醇和乙酸乙酯2种溶剂超声波萃取液及其残留物对朱砂叶螨(Tetranychus cinnabarinus)的生物活性。结果表明,商陆根正丁醇萃取液的活性最好,以浓度为2.5mg·mL-1处理朱砂叶螨雌成螨24和48h的校正死亡率分别为74%和97%;处理48h的LC50为1.787mg·mL-1,LC90为7.272mg·mL-1;浓度为1、2和4mg·mL-1的正丁醇萃取液对雌成螨24h的驱避率分别为62%、82%和84%;同时对雌成螨48h的产卵抑制率分别为39%、81%和93%。进一步对商陆根正丁醇萃取液柱层析分离和TLC鉴定获得14个组分,其中以组分11的杀螨效果最好,浓度为2mg·mL-1时,处理48h,对朱砂叶螨雌成螨的校正死亡率达到了98%,LC50为0.932mg·mL-1,LC90为3.110mg·mL-1。Two ultrasonic wave extracts （ n-butarol and ethyl acetate as solvents） of Phytolacca americana acetone extract and residues after extracting were investigated for acaricidal activities against Tetranychus cinnabarinus. Results showed that the n-butarol extract exhibited the highest acaricidal activity among all treatments. The corrected mortalities of n-butarol extract were 74% and 97% after 24 h and 48 h of treatment at 2.5 mg ·mL^-1 , and its LCso and LC90 were 1. 787 and 7. 272 mg·mL^-1 for 48 h, respectively. Meanwhile, the repellent rates were 62% , 82% and 84% against the mite for 24 h and oviposition inhibition rates （48 h） were 39% , 81% and 93%, at concentrations of 4, 2 and 1 mg ·mL^-1, respectively. The n-butarol extract was further separated by the silica gel column and monitored by thin-layer chromatography （TLC） with UV detection, and 14 fractions were obtained. The l lth fraction showed highest acaricidal activity with a corrected mortality of 98% at the concentration of 2 mg ·mL^-1 and its LCso and LCgo were 0. 932 and 3.110 mg ·mL^-1 , respectively after 48 h of treatment.

关 键 词：商陆 朱砂叶螨 超声波提取物 生物活性 分离 

分 类 号：S482.52[农业科学—农药学]