中天山附近强降雨过程中云冰水含量随高度变化特征  

Vertical Distribution of Ice Water Content in Clouds During Heavy Rains around Tianshan Mountain

作　　者：陈勇航[1] 邓军英[1] 张萍[1] 马承愚[1] 何清[2] 杨莲梅[2] 余其多[1] 翟璟豪 

机构地区：[1]东华大学环境科学与工程学院,上海201620 [2]中国气象局乌鲁木齐沙漠气象研究所,乌鲁木齐830002

出　　处：《资源科学》2013年第3期655-664,共10页Resources Science

基　　金：国家科技部公益性行业科研专项(编号:GYHY201006012;GYHY201106007);国家自然科学基金项目(编号:41175026)

摘　　要：采用美国宇航局NASA的CloudSat卫星加载的云廓线雷达反演资料2B-CLDClASS、2B-CWC-RO和2B-GEOPROF,针对新疆天山及周边地区2007年-2009年天山山区的5次强降雨过程中的6个云个例,对其云冰水含量的垂直分布特征进行了分析。结果表明,冰水含量值越小,出现频率越大,冰水含量小于100mg/m3的冰粒子所占的比例在65%以上。冰水含量在云的垂直高度上有峰值现象,云层的顶部和底部均是冰水含量的低值区,冰水含量的高值区出现在云层中下部,且最大值出现在5～7.5km高度层内。从垂直方向分布看,冰水含量小于100mg/m3的低值域段冰粒子在整个云层垂直高度上均有分布,6个个例中最大分布比例各不相同。冰水含量大于100mg/m3的中高值域段冰粒子分布在云层的中部,各个值域段的分布比例都不超过5%。Xinjiang covers 166 4900km^2 and is an arid inland area in northwestern China. Compared to other regions at the same latitude, its multi-year average annual precipitation is low,and about 165.5mm. Although Xinjiang is the largest province in China, water resources are scarce and unevenly distributed. Water resource scarcity is restricting the sustainable development of Xinjiang. The macro and micro physical structures of clouds, play an important role in precipitation. Research into heavy precipitation in China mainly focuses on synoptic analyses, and not on clouds. Artificial visualization on the ground and passive remote sensing satellite data in cloud research is still rare. Clouds, particularly those with ice particles play a significant role in the operation of artificially enhancing precipitation because the growing ice particles contribute more than 35% to precipitation. CloudSat satellite observation is sensitive to various types of clouds. In this study, Cloud profiling radar retrieval data 2B-CWC-RVOD onboard the Cloud Sat satellite from NASA was employed. Five areas in Tianshan Mountain were selected as research regions and the vertical distribution of the ice water content in those areas were analyzed. It was found that the smaller the IWC value, the greater the occurrence, and the ice particles （IWC≤100mg · m^-3） were more than 65%. The top and bottom of the clouds were filled with low IWC ice particles. High IWC ice particles were distributed in the middle of the clouds and maximum value appeared at the 5～7.5km layer. From the view of the vertical distribution, ice particles with IWC≤100mg · m^-3 were distributed throughout the cloud. Ice particles with IWC ≥ 100mg·m^-3 were distributed in mid cloud layers and the distribution proportion of each range did not exceed 5%.

关 键 词：天山 冰水含量 CLOUDSAT卫星 降水量 

分 类 号：P426.6[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]