桂北喀斯特峰丛洼地植物群落特征及其与土壤的耦合关系  

Plant community characteristics and its coupling relationships with soil in depressions between karst hills, North Guangxi, China

作　　者：杜虎[1,2] 彭晚霞[1,2] 宋同清[1,2] 王克林[1,2] 曾馥平[1,2] 鹿士杨[1,2] 时伟伟[1,2,3] 唐成[1,2,4] 谭秋锦[1,2,4] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室,长沙410125 [2]中国科学院环江喀斯特生态系统观测研究站,广西环江547100 [3]江西农业大学农学院,南昌330045 [4]广西大学林学院,南宁530004

出　　处：《植物生态学报》2013年第3期197-208,共12页Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology

基　　金：中国科学院西部行动计划项目(KZCX2-XB3-10);国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAC09B02);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA05070404和XDA05050205);国家自然科学基金项目(31070425;31000224;30970508和U1033004);中国科学院"西部之光"人才培养计划资助;广西壮族自治区木论国家级自然保护区大力支持;环江毛南族自治县林业局的大力支持

摘　　要：基于喀斯特峰丛洼地草丛、灌丛、次生林、原生林4个生态系统24个样地(20m×20m)的系统取样调查,研究了喀斯特峰丛洼地不同生态系统群落的结构组成与生物多样性特征,选取代表植物群落和土壤性质的35个指标,对不同生态系统及整个喀斯特脆弱生态系统植物群落与土壤主要养分、土壤矿质养分和土壤微生物间的相互关系进行了主成分分析与典范相关分析。结果表明:沿草丛、灌丛、次生林、原生林的顺向演替发展,重要值(importance value,IV)>10.00的科、属、种及物种多样性最大值出现在次生林,群落结构最佳值出现在顶级群落原生林;喀斯特峰丛洼地景观异质性高,各生态系统影响因子不同,土壤微生物在喀斯特脆弱生态系统处于主导地位,其次为灌丛;不同集团因子的典范相关分析表明,植物多样性指标与土壤氮素、Al2O3、Fe2O3、土壤微生物生物量碳(Cmic)、真菌和细菌关系密切。因此,在喀斯特脆弱生态系统恢复与重建过程中,应针对不同生态系统制定相应的培育管理措施。Aims Our objective was to study plant community characteristics and coupling relationships between plant and soil properties in different ecosystems in depressions between karst hills. Methods We established 24 sample plots of 20 m ~ 20 m dimensions in four ecosystems （grassland, scrub, secondary forest and primary forest） in depressions between karst hills. We investigated the species composition and diversity characteristics of these ecosystems. We chose 35 indexes covering plant community and soil properties to study the relationships between plant factors and soil nutrients, soil mineral chemical components and soil microbes using analysis by principal component analysis （PCA） and canonical correlation analysis （CCA）. Important findings Along succession from grassland to scrub to secondary forest to primary forest, the maximum number of species, genera and families with importance values （Ⅳ 〉10.00 and maximum species diversity were in secondary forest, and the optimal community structure was in primary forest. The depressions between karst hills had high landscape heterogeneity, and different ecosystems were influenced by different factors. Soil microbes were the dominant influence in karst fragile ecosystems, followed by scrub. CCA elucidated a close relationship between species diversity and soil nitrogen, A1203, Fe203, microbial biomass carbon （Cmic）, fungi and bacteria. Vegetation improvement and management practices should focus on such characteristics of different ecosystems when undertaking restoration and reconstruction ofkarst fragile ecosystems.

关 键 词：耦合关系 喀斯特峰丛洼地 不同生态系统 土壤 植被 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]