百瓦级热声斯特林发电系统输出特性研究  

Study on Output Characteristics of 100 W-Class Thermoacoustic-stirling Electric Generators

作　　者：邱利民[1] 赵益涛[1] 王凯[1] 楼平[1] 孙大明[1] 郭轶楠[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学制冷与低温研究所,浙江省杭州市310027

出　　处：《中国电机工程学报》2013年第8期101-106,17,共6页Proceedings of the CSEE

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(973计划)(2010CB227303);国家自然科学基金项目(61077035)~~

摘　　要：热声发电技术在太阳能、工业废热等低品位热能利用方面具有广阔的应用前景。该文从电–力–声类比的角度对直线发电机的控制方程进行了理论分析,并借助线性热声理论对热声斯特林发电系统进行了模拟计算,分析了外接负载、电路谐振和四通处压力振幅对热声发电系统输出特性的影响。理论计算表明通过降低发电机电路的虚部阻抗,调节直线发电机的声阻抗,可以大大改善热声发电系统的输出特性。设计并搭建了热声斯特林发电实验台,实验证明在发电机电路中串入电容器降低虚部阻抗后,系统的输出电功从122.9W增加至150.6W,同时热电效率从5.3%提高到7.8%。Thermoacoustic power generation technology is promising in applications for the utilization of low-grade thermal energy, such as solar energy and industrial waste heat. In this paper, theoretical analysis is made on the governing equations of a linear alternator from the perspective of electro-mechano-acoustical analogy, and the performance of a thermoacoustic-stirling electric generator is then simulated based on the linear thermoacoustic theory. The effects of load resistance, circuit resonance and pressure amplitude on the output characteristics of the system are analyzed. Theoretical calculations show that the output characteristics can be improved significantly by reducing the imaginary part of the circuit impedance, through which the acoustic impedance of the generator can be adjusted. An experimental thermoacoustic-stirling electric generator is then designed and constructed. Experimental results show that the output electrical power increases from 122.9W to 150.6W, corresponding to an increase from 5.3% to 7.8% for the thermal-to-electric efficiency after reducing the imaginary part of the circuit impedance.

关 键 词：百瓦级 热声发电 斯特林 直线发电机 太阳能 

分 类 号：TM615[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]