剩余污泥中木质纤维素能源转化潜力分析  

Analyses of energy conversion potential of lignocellulose contained in excess sludge

作　　者：郝晓地[1] 王吉敏[1] 曹兴坤[1] 胡沅胜[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京建筑工程学院城市雨水系统与水环境教育部重点实验室/可持续环境生物技术研发中心,北京100044

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2013年第3期1106-1114,共9页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51278025);北京市属高等学校人才强教深化计划--高层次人才项目(PHR20100508)

摘　　要：剩余污泥中存在相当数量难以生物降解的木质纤维素。它们不仅妨碍污泥减量,另一方面也容易导致其中所含能量的流失。因此,需要研发一定的技术措施,使其在污泥厌氧消化过程中首先能够实现能源化,继而达到污泥减量的目的。从木质纤维素的3种基本单元———半纤维素、纤维素和木质素的化学结构入手,详细描述各种基本单元的结构异、同之处以及它们组成相互联接异常稳固的聚合物构造。继而从微生物学角度审视3种基本结构单元以及所形成的聚合物之微生物降解可行性与原理,从而判断出木质纤维素实现厌氧微生物转化能源的瓶颈所在。最后,在综述纯植物木质纤维素微生物转化能源原理与工艺的基础上,提出剩余污泥中木质纤维素能源转化的技术策略。There are a lot of lignocellulose in excess sludge. They hinder sludge reduction, and energy contained in them is easily lost. For this reason, it is essential to develop some technical measures for energy conversion and then for sludge reduction. Starting from the three basic chemical structures of lignocellulose hemicellulose,cellulose and lignin, the article describes both same and different characteristics on their structures, and illustrates the stable structure of lignocellulose. Next, biodegradability of hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin as well as lignocellulose are reviewed to judge the bottleneck of lignocellulose converted into energy. Finally, a technical pathway of lignocellulose converted into energy is raised on the basis of summarizing plants-lignocellulose converted into energy.

关 键 词：剩余污泥 木质纤维素 厌氧消化 水解发酵 预处理 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]