超声波处理乳化液在金属切削中的试验研究  

Experimental Study on Ultrasonic Treatment Emulsion Fluid in Metal Cutting

作　　者：张悦[1,2] 董召轻 韩荣第[4] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳工业大学,沈阳110870 [2]中国科学院金属研究所,沈阳110016 [3]一汽-大众汽车有限公司轿车一厂,长春130011 [4]哈尔滨工业大学,哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《中国机械工程》2013年第5期580-584,共5页China Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50675053);辽宁省教育厅科学研究一般项目(L2012042);辽宁省博士科研启动基金资助项目(20121058);沈阳工业大学博士启动基金资助项目;沈阳工业大学青年学术骨干教师资助项目

摘　　要：为了研究超声波处理对乳化液冷却润滑性能的影响,设计了用于切削试验的乳化液超声波处理系统,并在干切、未采用超声波处理乳化液和采用超声波处理乳化液三种条件下,采用YT15刀具车削45钢进行了对比试验。结果表明:使用超声波处理乳化液时,切削力可比干切和未采用超声波处理乳化液时分别减小10%～15%和5%～10%;变形系数也减小了,切屑形貌得到改善。通过测量液体粒度可知,超声波处理使乳化液的分子团粒径减小,乳化液进入切削区毛细管的可能性增大,说明超声波处理能够提高乳化液的冷却润滑作用效果,也可理解为间接地减少了乳化液的用量,有利于节能减排。For investigating the effects of ultrasonic treatment on the cooling and lubricating action of emulsion fluid, an ultrasonic treatment system of emulsion fluid was developed to be used in cut- ting experiments. And the comparison experiments were carried out with YT15 tool turning 45 steel, under three conditions of dry cutting, un-treating emulsion fluid and ultrasonic treating emulsion fluid. The results show that as ultrasonic treatment one is used the cutting forces decrease about 10 %- 15 % and 5%- 10 % to dry cutting and un- treating emulsion fluid ; the cutting deformation co- efficients reduce too; and the chip appearances are enhanced. According to the measurement data, the granularity of molecules in emulsion fluid, by ultrasonic treatment, become small, and this can increase the possibility of emulsion fluid entering the capillaries in cutting zone. Therefore, the cooling and lubricating performances of the emulsion fluid are improved by ultrasonic treatment. As a result, the quantity of emulsion fluid will reduce indirectly, and this helps to energy saving and emission reduction.

关 键 词：超声波 乳化液 金属切削 冷却 润滑 

分 类 号：TG501.5[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]