医院感染现患率调查与分析  

Investigation and analysis of prevalence rate of nosocomial infections

作　　者：魏海英[1] 姜梦香[1] 王兆霞[1] 李亚平[1] 

机构地区：[1]郑州大学附属郑州中心医院科教科,河南郑州450007

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2013年第5期983-985,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

摘　　要：目的了解某医院的医院感染现状和相关因素,为制定医院感染的目标监测计划和预防控制措施提供依据。方法由医院感染管理专职人员和临床各科室医院感染管理小组成员参加,在规定时间内完成所有住院患者的调查,应用床旁调查和查阅病历相结合的方法,填写统一的调查表,并对调查结果进行统计分析。结果应调查住院患者1519例,实际调查1479例,实查率97.37%;医院感染现患率为3.11%,感染部位以呼吸道居首,占63.26%;抗菌药物使用率为26.37%,以一联和二联用药为主分别占76.92%、21.80%,病原学送检率为41.03%。结论现患率调查方法可在短期内全面了解医院感染管理现状,并可根据结果有针对性地开展目标监测;在临床工作中应加强感染患者的病原学检查,规范抗菌药物的合理使用,以降低医院感染发生率。OBJECTIVE To investigate the current status of nosocomial infections and observe the related factors so as to provide basis for establishing the targeted monitoring and formulating the prevention and control measures.METHODS The professionals in charge of the nosocomial infection control and the team members from the clinical departments participated the study and finished the survey of all the hospitalized patients within in the given time.By means of the bedside investigation combined with the review of medical records,the unified questionnaire was filled,and the statistical analysis was performed.RESULTS A total of 1479 cases of hospitalized patients were expected to be investigated and 1479 patients were actually investigated with the actual investigation rate of 97.37%,the nosocomial infections occured in 46 cases of patients（49 case-times） with the prevalence rate of 3.11% and the case-time infection rate 3.31%,the respiratory tract took the first place of the infection sites.The utilization rate of antibiotics was 26.37%,among which the single drug medication（76.92%） and two-drug medication（21.80%） were dominant.The submission rate was 41.03%.CONCLUSION The investigation of prevalence rate can be used to investigate the present status of nosocomial infection.Based on the investigation,the targeted monitoring,intensified specimen detection,and reasonable antibiotics administration can be performed to decrease the incidence of nosocomial infections.

关 键 词：医院感染 现患率 病原学 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]