施用双孢蘑菇菌渣条件下不同开垦年限土壤理化性质与养分特性变化  

Changes of Physical-chemical Properties and Nutrient Characteristics of Soil Under Different Tillage Period with Application of Edible Fungi Wastes

作　　者：张秀珍[1] 刘秉儒[1,2] 章家恩[2] 黄国勇[3] 

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学/西北退化生态系统恢复与重建教育部重点实验室,银川750021 [2]华南农业大学/农业部生态农业开放实验室,广州510642 [3]福建农林大学食用菌研究所,福州350002

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2012年第15期78-82,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划"荒漠草原区农牧复合生态系统构建与可持续利用技术集成与试验示范"(2011BAC07B03);农业部生态农业开放实验室基金"贺兰山东麓以菌草栽培技术防治土地退化的双孢菇转化模式研究"(2009K15);宁夏自然科学基金"荒漠草原土壤活性有机碳对封育禁牧的响应"(NZ1005)

摘　　要：为了探讨菌渣长期利用对农田生态环境的影响并提供环境影响评价依据,通过比较不同开垦年限（2、3、4、6及10年）土壤理化性质及养分特性的变化,研究连续使用双孢菌渣对土壤理化特性的影响。结果表明：施用菌渣对荒漠土壤的理化性质和养分含量有显著影响,但是菌渣连续施用对不同种植年限的玉米地土壤理化性质、有机质、N、P、K的影响程度不相同。开垦后施用菌渣年限越长,土壤含盐量越高;有机质含量呈现增长的趋势,水解氮和有效磷则表现出一定的波动性;全钾、全磷含量在2~6年内维持不变,全氮含量在施肥的6年内逐年下降;土壤全盐与全磷、全钾和有机质极显著相关;开垦利用及与之相联系的灌溉影响土壤C,N养分含量的变化;同时也发现氮素消耗量较大,不能满足作物生长需要,需要补充无机氮肥。In order to discuss the effect of edible fungi wastes long-term used in tarmland, and to provide the basis of environmental impact assessment, this paper explored the influence of edible fungi wastes to soil physical-chemical properties and nutrient characteristics, by compared with different tillage periods soil （2, 3, 4, 6, 10 years） with application of edible fungi wastes continuously, The results showed that, the fertility of the soil had been greatly improved compared with uncultivated desert soil, but soil physical-chemical properties, organic C, N, P and K had different variation tendency under different with tillage tillage period, and salt content increased periods, as well as C levels, but K and P level maintain the same level between 2-6 years, with N levels decreased cultivation age. Soil salt content showed positive correlation with P, K and soil organic matter. The above results indicated that cultivation and land use and related irrigation profoundly affected desert soil under different tillage period with a application of edible fungi wastes.

关 键 词：不同开垦年限 菌渣 土壤理化性质 土壤养分特性 

分 类 号：S-3[农业科学]