杏麦间作复合群体中小麦生长发育及产量结构的初步探讨  

Preliminary Study of Wheat Growth and Yield in Apricot and Wheat Intercropping

作　　者：雷钧杰[1] 赵奇[2] 陈兴武[1] 赛力汗[1] 乔旭[1] 高永红[1] 周皓[3] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业科学院粮食作物研究所,乌鲁木齐830091 [2]新疆农业科学院核技术生物技术研究所,乌鲁木齐830091 [3]新疆喀什地区农业技术推广中心,新疆喀什844000

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2012年第15期97-101,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：新疆"十一五"重大专项"新疆高产;专用;多抗小麦新品种选育"(200731132);国家科技支撑计划课题"粮棉果绿色高效种植关键技术研究与示范"(2009BADA4B01);公益性行业(农业)科研专项"南疆地区粮食;棉花和果树间作技术模式研究"(201003043);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金"国家小麦产业技术体系新疆综合试验站"(CARS-3);自治区财政厅三院基金项目"高光效小麦品种(系)及其高产高效配套技术推广"

摘　　要：为了探讨杏麦间作复合群体中小麦生长发育及产量结构特点,在杏麦间作条件下,以杏树为基点至两行杏树中间位置由近及远将小麦种植带分为3个冠区(冠下区、近冠区、远冠区),对3个冠区的小麦生长发育及产量构成因素进行研究,选用‘新冬20号’作为试验材料,研究杏麦间作复合群体小麦幼穗分化、干物质积累、叶面积指数、籽粒灌浆、产量构成因素的变化。结果表明:单作田小麦幼穗分化快于间作田;在间作田内,距杏树越近,小麦单株干物质积累强度越低;单作田小麦叶面积指数高于间作田;单作田平均灌浆速率大于间作田;穗粒数、千粒重、产量均表现为单作田大于间作田,单作田产量最高,间作田平均产量比单作田减产49.72%;在间作田,千粒重与成穗数均表现为远冠区>近冠区>冠下区。结果表明杏麦间作复合群体中小麦生长发育不及单作田,造成小麦产量不同程度降低。In order to explore apricot wheat intercropping of wheat growth and yield of structural characteristics, wheat intercropping in apricot, apricot base point to the middle of two rows of apricot trees from near and far were divided into three areas （under the crown area, near crown area, crown zone far）, we studied the wheat growth and yield of structural characteristics in three areas. ＇ Xindong 20＇ was used as material, the changes of wheat ears, dry matter accumulation, leaf area index, grain filling, yield components in apricot wheat intercropping were studied. The results showed that, one for field wheat ears were faster than that of the intercropping system. In the intercropping system, the distance closer apricot, wheat and dry matter accumulation were lower the strength. Single-leaf area index for field was higher than that of the intercropping system. Single-filling rate was greater than that of the average for field intercropping system. Grains per spike and yield showed a single field for more than intercropping system, the highest one for field production, intercropping system for field average yield than the single-cut 49.72%. In the intercropping system, grain weight and spike number showed as far as the highest area 〉 near crown area 〉 under the district crown.Results indicated that, the apricot wheat intercropping system for wheat growth and development was not as a single field, resulting in lower wheat production in varying degrees.

关 键 词：杏麦间作 单作田 间作田 小麦 产量 

分 类 号：S512.048[农业科学—作物学]