《石仓契约》字词考校八则  

Philological Explanation of 8 Words and Expressions in Shicang Contracts

作　　者：储小旵[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学古籍研究所,浙江杭州310028

出　　处：《浙江大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2013年第2期139-146,共8页Journal of Zhejiang University:Humanities and Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目(11BYY060);国家社会科学基金重大项目(11&ZD126);中国博士后科学基金面上资助项目(2011M500099);2011年度全国高校古委会古籍整理研究项目

摘　　要："蓬"并非"降"的异体字,而是石仓方言口语,为丛、堆义;"崩蓬"为崩塌的土石堆义。"达断"并非到达实地确定义,"达"当同"踏","踏断"为实地勘察并作出判定义。"的"通"待"(如"的至"),又通"代"(如"的笔"),又通"嫡"(如"的叔"、"的侄"),又通"滴"(如"的水")。"二比"并非"二相"之误,而是近代口语词,为双方义,与"两造"、"两身"义近。"芳"、""、"塃"均为"荒"的俗字,"芳坪(坪、塃坪)"为荒地义。"峎"为"岗"的方言记音字,为山脊义。"血"有嫡、亲义,"血业"即谓嫡子嫡孙相传的产业。"粮迫"并非"两迫"之误,"粮"为税粮义,"粮迫"为税粮逼迫义。Shicang Contracts mainly records all kinds of deals about lands and forests in Shicang area, Songyang county, Zhejiang province from the first year of Yongzheng （1723） in Qing Dynasty to the 38th year of the Republic of China （1949）, and is seen as precious first-hand data to study the local social, political and economic situations of that period. However, the low literacy of the peasants who copied the contracts and their local dialect led to a large number of folk characters and dialectal words in the contracts, which have become a source of difficulty in accurately reading and explaining the contracts. Professor Cao Shuji, et al. ＇s explanations of some incomprehensible words and expressions in their collation of the Shicang contract documents were not very accurate. On the basis of the photoprints of the contracts and our collation of the characters, together with field surveys of the local dialect and with reference to later-day contract documents in other areas of China, the present paper explains and collates philologically the following 8 incomprehensible words and expressions in Shicang Contracts ： ＂Bengpeng＂ （ 崩蓬 ）, ＂Daduan＂ （ 达断）, ＂Dai＂ or ＂Di＂ （ 的 ）, ＂Erbi＂（二比）, ＂Fangping＂ （芳坪）, ＂Gan＂（峎）, ＂Xueye＂（血业） and ＂Liangpo＂（粮迫）. This paper is expected to generate a more accurate account of these contract documents. The detailed explanations and collations are as follows. Professer Cao et al. ＇s explanation of ＂Peng＂（蓬）in ＂Bengpeng＂（崩蓬） as the variant form of ＂Jiang＂（降） is not correct. ＂Peng＂（蓬）is a dialectal word in Shicang, meaning ＂clump＂ or ＂stack. ＂ So the meaning of ＂Bengpeng＂ （崩蓬） is a ＂collapsing earth or stone stack. ＂ According to Professor Cao et al. , ＂Daduan＂ （达断） means ＂to arrive and decide. ＂ This explanation is not correct, either. ＂Da＂ （达） is the same as ＂Ta＂ （踏） ,with ＂stamp＂ as

关 键 词：《石仓契约》 字词 考校 

分 类 号：H13[语言文字—汉语]