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作 者:裴素蕊[1] 董双林[1] 王芳[1] 田相利[1] 高勤峰[1]
机构地区:[1]中国海洋大学海水养殖教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266003
出 处:《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2013年第3期32-37,共6页Periodical of Ocean University of China
基 金:科技部"十二五"科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD13B03);国家自然科学基金项目(30771661);国家海洋公益性行业科研专项(200905020)资助
摘 要:实验研究限定食物资源下密度对刺参生长的影响。实验共设6个处理,密度梯度为2、4、8、12、16、20头/40L,分别记为D2、D4、D8、D12、D16和D20,每个处理设4个重复。实验结果显示:随着养殖密度的增大刺参个体生长变异随之增大,特定生长率显著降低(P<0.05)。同时,刺参的摄食率、食物转化率、摄食能用于生长的比例(G/C)、体壁中的粗蛋白含量和能量含量均随密度增大呈下降趋势。40d后,D8组大个体刺参的生物量最大,以此为基准继续养殖,D12,D16、D20、D4组达到基准生物量的时间依次延长,分别为45、54、58、61d。实验结束时,D8组大个体刺参的生物量最大,D16和D20组大个体刺参的生物量低于初始生物量。因此,在食物资源有限的条件下,放养密度过高会降低刺参的平均生长率,增大个体生长差异,使刺参达到商品规格的时间延长,甚至会降低单位面积产量;放养密度过低可有效促进刺参生长,降低个体生长差异,但其单位面积产量(生物量)较低。In this study, the effect of sea cucumber (Apostichopusjaponicus) density on its growth was determined under limited feed supply. Six densities, 2 (D2), 4 (D4), 8 (DS), 12 (D12), 16 (D16) and 20 (D20) individuals in 6 glass aquaria (40L in volume), respectively, 4 repeats each, were observed. We found that specific growth rate (SGR), feed conversion efficiency, energy used for growth and crude pro-tein content of body wall decreased with the increase of density; while coefficient of variation (CV) for body weight increased with the increase of density. In 40 days, the maximum biomass (big-size individu-als) appeared in D8. D12, D16, D20 and D4 reached the total biomass of D8 observed on Day 40 in 45, 54, 58 and 61 days, respectively. The maximum biomass was observed in DS, and the biomass of D16 and D20 was found less than the original at the end of experiment. Over stocking (high density) will decrease average growth rate, enlarge individual growth variation, extend time reaching market appreciating size, and even decrease yield~ while low density will facilitate growth and avoid individual growth variation, but decrease yield per unit.
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