夏季北黄海和渤海海水中几种挥发性卤代烃的分布和通量研究  

Distributions and Sea-to-Air Fluxes of Several Volatile Halocarbons in the North Yellow Sea and the Bohai Sea

作　　者：张苗苗[1] 陆小兰[1] 杨桂朋[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海洋化学理论与工程技术教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2013年第3期62-69,共8页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40776039);山东省自然科学重点基金项目(Z2005E01);教育部‘长江学者’奖励计划;山东省‘泰山学者’建设工程专项经费资助

摘　　要：本文以渤海和北黄海为研究海域,于2011年6月对其海水中4种常见的挥发性卤代烃(VHCs)的浓度分布和海-气通量进行了研究。结果表明:渤海表层海水中CHBrCl2、CH3CCl3、C2HCl3和C2Cl4的浓度分别为5.33(0.66～12.65)、17.51(0.28～69.52)、12.33(3.44～34.91)和5.20(2.12～8.88)pmol.L-1,北黄海表层海水中4种VHCs的浓度分别为5.19(0.50～56.74)、11.12(2.73～22.32)、17.22(0.57～34.10)和7.90(2.59～26.82)pmol.L-1。由于生物生产、人为输入、陆地径流等因素的共同作用,VHCs的浓度在水平方向上呈现出近岸高、远海低的分布特征。在垂直方向上,VHCs在表层和底层浓度较高,中层浓度较低。周日变化研究表明,由于受到阴雨天天气变化的影响,VHCs在傍晚和深夜浓度较大,中午浓度较低。采用Liss和Salter双层模型,估算了CHBrCl2、C2HCl3和C2Cl43种VHCs的海-气通量,在渤海其通量分别为35.06(0.90～108.72)、68.10(1.87～223.43)、26.15(0.25～110.76)nmol.m-2.d-1,在北黄海分别为34.50(-0.10～317.95)、36.70(0.06～162.3)、19.92(0.22～117.92)nmol.m-2.d-1,结果表明该海域在调查期间是大气CHBrCl2、C2HCl3和C2Cl4的源。The distributions of four kinds of volatile halocarbons （VHCs） were investigated in the north Yellow Sea （NYS） and the Bohai Sea （BS） in June 2011. The results show that the concentrations of CH3 CCla, C2HC13, CHBrC12 and C2C14 in the Bohai Sea were 17. 51 （0. 28-69.52）, 12.33 （3. 44-34. 91）, 5.33 （0. 66-12.65） and 5.20 （2.12-8.88） pmol·L^-1, while those in the north Yellow Sea were 11.12 （2. 73-22. 32）, 17. 22 （0. 57-34. 10）, 5.19 （0. 50-56.74） and 7.90 （2.59-26.82） pmol · L^-1, re-spectively. The concentrations of the 4 VHCs presented an obvious spatial variation in the horizontal dis-tribution, which may be due to the combined impacts of biological production, anthropogenic activities and riverine input. In vertical distribution, higher concentrations of 4 VHCs were observed in the surface and bottom seawater, with the minima appearing in the middle-layer of the water column. The diel varia- tion of VHCs was investigated at a fixed station and the results indicated that the lowest concentrations of the 4 VHCs occurred at mid-day and the highest value appeared in the night, presumably due to the com-bined effect of solar radiation intensity, biological activities, weather variations and tidal cycle. On the ba-sis of gas exchange calculations and surface concentrations of VHCs, the mean fluxes of 3 VHCs from the sea to the atmosphere were estimated to be 68. 10 （1.87-223.43）, 35.06 （0. 90-108. 72）, 26.15 （0. 25-110. 76） nmol · m^-2 · d^-1 in the Bohai Sea and 36.70 （0. 06-162.3）, 34. 50 （-0. 10-317. 95）, 19.92 （0. 22-117. 92） nmol · m^-2 · d^-1 in the north Yellow Sea, respectively, indicating that the investigated area appeared to be a source of atmospheric C2 HCl2, C2C14 and CHBr3 during the study time.

关 键 词：挥发性卤代烃 分布 周日变化 渤海 北黄海 海-气通量 

分 类 号：P734.43[天文地球—海洋化学]