大规模侵权惩罚性赔偿制度的适用  

Application of Punitive Compensation System in the Mass Torts

作　　者：李建华[1] 管洪博[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学法学院,吉林长春130012

出　　处：《法学杂志》2013年第3期31-38,共8页Law Science Magazine

摘　　要：大规模侵权案件的频繁发生,对我国《侵权责任法》的损害赔偿制度提出了挑战。大规模侵权不仅造成了众多受害人人身、财产方面的损失,而且危害了社会的整体利益。现有的补偿性损害赔偿制度在惩罚、预防侵权行为和填补社会整体利益损害方面存在一定的局限性,惩罚性赔偿制度的适用可以弥补补偿性赔偿的不足。在大规模侵权中适用惩罚性赔偿制度,体现了民法本位的基本理论和侵权责任法的立法目标,加强了对民事权利的保护。在确定赔偿数额时,要在建立一般的比例原则基础上,赋予法官一定的自由裁量权;并且应该坚持国家与受害人按比例分享惩罚性赔偿的原则。With the frequent occurrence of mass torts cases, damages system of tort law has been challenged. The mass torts have not only caused personal and property loss, but also harmed the social interests. Current compensatory damages system has limitation of punishing and preventing tort. It also can not compensate the damages of society＇s interests. Application of puni-tive compensation by damages can compensate for the losses those can not be completely compen-sated by compensatory damages. Applicable of punitive damages system in mass torts can not only embody the theoretical basis of the civil law standard and the legislative goals of the tort law, but also strengthen the protection of civil rights. We should entrust judges certain discretions based on the principle of proportionality while determining the amount of compensation and should adopt proportional distribution theory where claims are shared by state and victim.

关 键 词：大规模侵权 惩罚性赔偿 损害填补 

分 类 号：D923[政治法律—民商法学]