四川小麦品种的旗叶光合特性  

Photosynthetic Characteristics of Flag Leaves of Sichuan Wheat

作　　者：项超[1,2] 徐智斌[1] 冯波[1] 李斌[1,2] 兰秋霞[1,2] 王涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院成都生物研究所,成都610041 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2013年第1期84-89,共6页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KSCX3-EW-N-02);中-荷主题科研合作计划(2013DEG31380)资助~~

摘　　要：四川小麦品种光合特性优势材料筛选及研究对于提高我国弱光照地区的小麦产量具有重要意义.以41个四川小麦地方品种和2个高产推广品种(川育16和川麦42)作为材料,分3个时期(抽穗期、扬花期、灌浆期)测定各品种小麦旗叶的光合特性参数和叶面积.结果表明:四川小麦地方品种旗叶光合特性在不同生育期存在明显差异,3个时期净光合速率(NPn)高低依次为:抽穗期>扬花期>灌浆期;根据NPn、旗叶面积(FLA)和3个时期净光合速率平均值与旗叶面积乘积(mNPn×FLA)筛选出了2个光合特性优良的地方品种——ZM4846、ZM4711和1个育成品种——川育16,可作为西南弱光照地区小麦高光效育种的亲本资源.其中灌浆期水分利用率(WUE)最大的3个品种为川育16、ZM4787、ZM4679,水分利用率具有随光合速率的升高而升高的趋势.本研究明确了在3个时期各相关性状对NPn的影响,并提出在四川地区小麦高光效品种选育上应选择在灌浆期具有低胞间CO2浓度、低蒸腾速率、高水分利用率的品种.For improving wheat production in the weak illumination regions, it is important to screen and study photosynthetic characteristics of Sichuan wheat landraces. There were 41 landraces and 2 cultivars （Chuanyu 16 and Chuanmai 42）, originated from Sichuan, collected to measure the photosynthetic parameters of flag leaves and leaf areas at heading, flowering and filling growth stages. The results showed that flag leaf photosynthetic characteristics of Sichuan wheat landraces were significantly different at the three different growth stages, and the net photosynthetic rate （NPn） was from high to low at heading, flowering, filling stage. Based on NPn, flag leaf area （FLA） and the product of the mean value of the net photosynthetic rate at the three growth stages and flag leaf area （mNPnxFLA）, there were three varieties screened, ZM4846, ZM4711 and Chuanyul6, which can be used as parental resources with high photosynthetic efficiency in wheat breeding program in weak illumination regions. The data of the photosynthetic characteristic parameters of the 43 materials suggested that the flag leaf of the wheat plants showed significantly different response to the environmental factors in the low light regions. Moreover, during grain filling stage, the varieties with the highest water use efficiency （WUE） were Chuanyul6, ZM4787 and ZM4679, and the water use efficiency increased with the enhancing of photosynthetic rate in order to meet the need of grain filling. This research also demonstrated the effect of relevant traits on leaf NPn during three growth stages, and the results suggested that the wheat materials with low intercellular CO2 concentration, low transpiration rate and high water use efficiency during the grain filling stage should be selected for wheat high photosynthetic efficiency breeding program in Sichuan. Tab 4, Ref23

关 键 词：小麦 旗叶 光合特性 旗叶面积 

分 类 号：S512.11[农业科学—作物学]