碳纤维不同表面处理及其对聚三唑基复合材料界面性能的影响  

Different Surface Treatments of Carbon Fibers and Their Effects on Interfacial Performance of Polytriazole Composite

作　　者：程平[1,2] 扈艳红[1,2] 黄诚 杜磊[1,2] 黄发荣[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]华东理工大学材料科学与工程学院 [2]特种功能高分子材料及相关技术教育部重点实验室,上海200237

出　　处：《工程塑料应用》2013年第3期5-10,共6页Engineering Plastics Application

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51073054);上海市重点学科项目(B502)

摘　　要：采用高温处理、硝酸氧化、丙酮抽提上浆剂和氨水处理等方法对碳纤维(CF)进行表面处理,采用热压成型制备了CF增强聚三唑树脂(PTA)基复合材料,分析了CF表面处理前后的变化并研究了其对PTA/CF复合材料界面性能的影响。单丝拉伸强度测试结果表明,表面处理后的CF单丝拉伸强度均出现不同程度的下降;接触角测试结果表明,CF与水及PTA丙酮溶液的浸润性均变好;原子力显微镜分析表明,经丙酮抽提后CF表面粗糙度略有下降,而其它几种方法处理后的CF表面粗糙度均有不同程度的提高;X射线光电子能谱揭示高温处理主要是氧化去除CF表面上浆剂,硝酸主要是氧化CF,丙酮主要是物理抽提CF表面上浆剂,而氨水与CF表面发生了化学键合。不同的表面处理均可增加CF的极性,提高CF在PTA胶液中的浸润性能,增强与PTA基体的氢键合,改善CF与PTA基体的界面性能。与未表面处理CF相比,以上4种表面处理的CF增强PTA基复合材料的层间剪切强度均得到提高,提高幅度分别为47.0%,36.7%,63.3%和45.3%,其中氨水处理效果虽然低于丙酮抽提,但其条件温和,操作简便,是一种较好的CF表面处理方法。High temperature treating, nitric acid oxidizing, extracting sizing agent by acetone and ammonia water treating were adopted to treat surface of carbon fiber （CF）, then CF reinforced polytriazole （PTA） composites were prepared by hot press molding. Differences of untreated and treated CF were investigated and their effects on interfacial performance of PTA / CF composites were studied. The results show that single fiber tensile strengths of treated CF decrease differently, contact angle test shows that the wettability of different treated CF with distilled water and acetone solution of PTA is better than that of untreated CF. AFM analysis shows that, the surface roughness of acetone extracting treated CF decreases slightly, whereas the surface roughness increases when CF is treated by other three treatments. XPS spectra reveals that sizing agent on CF is removed mainly by oxidization with high temperature treatment, acetone extraction treatment is mainly physical process, CF is oxidized by concentrated nitric acid, and chemical bonding happens between CF and ammonia water. In either case, the polarity of CF increases, which enhances their hydrogen combination with PTA matrix, as well as to improve the interfacial adhesion of the composite. In the consequent, comparing with the composite with untreated CF, the interlaminar shear strength of the composites with four treatments above mentioned improve by 47.0%, 36.7%, 63.3% and 45.3% respectively, among these, ammonia water treating has moderate condition, it is easy to operate and is a good treatment method for CF although the treating effect of it is lower than that of acetone extracting.

关 键 词：碳纤维 聚三唑 表面处理 上浆剂 氢键 

分 类 号：TQ327.3[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]